Bidirectional Battery Converter for Stable Supply Voltage
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing power supply architectures for portable electronic devices face challenges in efficiently managing battery voltage fluctuations and power distribution between charging and discharging, particularly when power demand exceeds available supply.
Innovation Solution
A bidirectional power converter is introduced between charging circuitry and the battery, capable of operating in both boost and buck modes to regulate voltage and transfer charge based on power requirements, ensuring optimal power distribution and idealized battery behavior during charging and discharging.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a traditional power supply architecture is used without bidirectional power converter, then the device structure is simpler, but the battery voltage fluctuations cannot be effectively managed and power distribution efficiency is poor
Solution Approach 1:
A bidirectional power converter is introduced as an intermediary component between the battery and the power management system. This converter actively regulates voltage in both charging and discharging directions, stabilizing battery voltage while enabling intelligent power distribution. The intermediary device resolves the contradiction by providing voltage stability without requiring fundamental changes to the overall system architecture.
Solution Approach 2:
The bidirectional power converter serves multiple functions: it acts as a voltage regulator during battery charging, a voltage stabilizer during device operation, and a power distribution manager that can route power between battery and capacitor. This multi-functionality achieves reliable voltage management while minimizing the number of additional components needed.
2Loss of energy
If power is always drawn from battery through first power converter, then the power distribution path is simpler, but power loss increases and charging efficiency decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The power distribution architecture dynamically switches between different power paths based on operational conditions. During charging, power flows from charger through bidirectional converter to battery. During discharging, the system can draw from battery through converter or from capacitor through first power converter. This dynamic adaptability minimizes power loss by selecting optimal paths while maintaining manageable system complexity through centralized control.
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes operational parameters by switching between different power conversion modes (boost, buck, bypass) based on whether the battery is charging or discharging. This parameter adaptation optimizes efficiency in each operational state without requiring fundamentally different hardware architectures.
3Productivity
If bidirectional power converter is added for optimal power distribution, then power distribution efficiency improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The bidirectional power converter is designed to perform multiple functions within a single integrated component: voltage regulation, power direction control, and battery management. This multi-functionality achieves high power distribution efficiency while limiting the increase in overall device complexity by consolidating multiple functions into one versatile component.
4Power
If power demand exceeds available supply, then the device can handle high power requirements, but voltage instability and insufficient power delivery occur
Solution Approach 1:
The bidirectional power converter acts as an intermediary buffer between the battery and the high-power demands of downstream components. When power demand exceeds battery supply capability, the converter manages the power transfer efficiently and maintains voltage stability. The intermediary device prevents direct loading effects that would cause voltage collapse, enabling high power delivery while maintaining reliability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution effectively manages battery voltage fluctuations and power distribution, ensuring stable supply voltage for components and efficient charging, even in scenarios where power demand exceeds available supply, thereby enhancing the reliability and efficiency of power management in portable devices.
Implementation Method 1
a bidirectional power converter configured to transfer charge from the battery or transfer charge to the battery
Implementation Method 2
a first power converter configured to electrically couple between charging circuity configured to provide electrical energy for charging the battery and the one or more downstream components
Data Source
AI summary
A power management system for use in a device comprising a battery and one or more components configured to draw electrical energy from the battery may include a first power converter configured to electrically couple between charging circuity configured to provide electrical energy for charging the battery and the one or more downstream components and a bidirectional power converter configured to electrically couple between the charging circuitry and the battery, wherein the bidirectional power converter is configured to transfer charge from the battery or transfer charge from the battery based on a power requirement of the one or more components and a power available from the first power converter.