Bidirectional EV Charging Coordination for Grid and Local Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing systems lack efficient coordination and control mechanisms for bidirectional electric charge transfer between electric vehicles, home energy systems, and the power grid, particularly in scenarios where data privacy and system integration are concerns.
Innovation Solution
A centralized and distributed power coordination system utilizing cloud-based and local controllers to manage and optimize electric energy transfer, allowing vehicles to discharge excess power to the grid and recharge using renewable energy, while respecting data privacy by enabling local control when necessary.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a centralized controller coordinates bidirectional charging between multiple vehicles and the grid, then power distribution efficiency is improved, but system complexity and data privacy concerns increase
Solution Approach 1:
The system divides control functions between a centralized server for overall coordination and local controllers at charging stations for execution. The server handles high-level scheduling and optimization, while local controllers manage actual charging/discharging operations, reducing the complexity burden on any single component.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary communication layer between vehicles, local controllers, and the centralized server. This intermediary protocol manages data exchange and coordination, enabling efficient power distribution while maintaining clear system boundaries and reducing overall complexity.
2Use of energy by moving object
If the system queries vehicles about charge acceptance to optimize power distribution, then energy utilization is improved, but communication time and system responsiveness worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary queries with vehicles about their charge acceptance preferences and constraints before peak charging demands occur. This advance planning allows the centralized server to pre-coordinate charging schedules, reducing the need for time-critical communications during high-demand periods.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where vehicles provide advance information about their charging needs and preferences. The centralized server uses this feedback to optimize power distribution algorithms, improving energy utilization while minimizing real-time communication requirements.
3Reliability
If the system commands grid and local controller to supply charge power based on vehicle data, then charging reliability is improved, but control complexity and data processing requirements worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The control system is segmented into distinct functional modules: vehicle data collection, data validation, charging schedule optimization, and execution control. Each module handles specific tasks independently, improving charging reliability through specialized processing while reducing overall control complexity through modular design.
4Loss of energy
If vehicles discharge excess power to the grid and recharge with renewable energy, then energy efficiency is improved, but system coordination complexity worsens
Solution Approach 1:
Vehicles autonomously determine when they have excess power to discharge and when they need to recharge. The system enables vehicles to self-manage their energy contribution to the grid and their recharging needs, improving overall energy efficiency while reducing the coordination complexity burden on the centralized server.
Data Source
AI summary
One or more controllers may, responsive to a request from a first vehicle to receive a predefined amount of charge power by a specified time, query the first vehicle regarding whether the first vehicle will accept an amount of charge power less than the predefined amount by the specified time, and command a grid and a local controller to each supply charge power to the first vehicle such that the first vehicle receives the amount of charge power less than the predefined amount by the specified time.