Bidirectional EV Charging Architecture for Low-Loss Fast Charging
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional charging systems for electric vehicles experience significant power loss and high power supply costs due to multiple power stage converters, and are limited in providing high-power fast-charging functions by grid connection constraints.
Innovation Solution
The proposed charging system incorporates two bidirectional energy storage modules and an intelligent controller to manage energy flow, reducing power loss by directly delivering energy from the second bidirectional energy storage module to the charging gun, thereby enabling high-power fast-charging without being limited by grid connection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of energy
If conventional charging system uses multiple power stage converters to charge electric vehicles, then charging function is provided, but power loss increases significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and removes unnecessary power conversion stages from the conventional charging system. By using a bidirectional energy storage module that can directly discharge to the charging device, the system eliminates intermediate AC/DC and DC/DC converters, thereby reducing power loss while maintaining the essential charging function.
Solution Approach 2:
The bidirectional energy storage module serves multiple functions: it acts as both an energy storage device and a power supply unit. When discharging, it directly provides power to charging devices without requiring separate conversion stages, thus reducing the number of components and power loss simultaneously.
2Loss of energy
If conventional charging system uses multiple power stage converters, then charging is enabled, but power supply cost increases due to power loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the previously harmful power loss into a benefit by using energy management control. The system charges the energy storage module during low-cost periods and discharges during high-cost periods, effectively converting the energy storage capability into cost savings that offset the initial system investment.
3Power
If conventional charging system relies on grid connection, then power is supplied, but maximum charging power is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The system performs preliminary energy storage by charging the bidirectional energy storage module in advance during periods when grid power is available. This stored energy is then rapidly discharged to provide high-power fast charging when needed, enabling fast-charging capability without being constrained by real-time grid connection limits.
4Loss of energy
If charging system adds bidirectional energy storage modules, then power loss is reduced and fast-charging is enabled, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges the energy storage function with the power conversion function into a single bidirectional energy storage module. This integration reduces the number of separate components needed and simplifies the overall system structure, thereby reducing power loss without proportionally increasing system complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This solution reduces power loss and supply costs while enabling high-power fast-charging capabilities, as the second bidirectional energy storage module provides maximum power directly to the charging gun, overcoming the limitations of conventional systems.
Implementation Method 1
The inverter is electrically connected to the power input part for converting the AC input power into a DC power
Implementation Method 2
The first bidirectional DC/DC converter is configured to receive and convert the DC power provided by the inverter through the DC bus for charging the first battery, or convert a first storage electric energy of the first battery for delivering to the DC/DC converter
Data Source
Figure 1
AI summary
A charging system (1) includes a power input part (2), an inverter (3), a DC bus (DCBUS), at least one charging device (4), a first bidirectional energy storage module (5), a second bidirectional energy storage module (6) and an intelligent controller (7). The charging device (4) includes a DC/DC converter (40) and a charging gun (41). A first bidirectional DC/DC converter (51) of the first bidirectional energy storage module (5) receives and converts the DC power from the inverter (3) for charging a first battery (50), or converts a first storage electric energy of the first battery (50) for the charging device (4). A second bidirectional DC/DC converter (61) of the second bidirectional energy storage module (6) receives and converts the electric energy outputted by the DC/DC converter (40) of the charging device (4) for charging a second battery (60), or converts a second storage electric energy of the second battery (60) for the charging device (4). The intelligent controller (7) controls operations of the first bidirectional DC/DC converter (51) and the second bidirectional DC/DC converter (61).