Bidirectional Sensing Control Device for Optical Fiber Networks
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing fiber-sensing control systems for unidirectional optical fiber networks are not suitable for bidirectional systems, as they interrupt data transmission when controlling backscattering-based sensing.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of Bidirectional Sensing Control Devices (BSCDs) at selected locations in optical fiber networks, using directionally selective optical coupling elements to separate propagation directions, allowing sensing control on unidirectional fibers without interrupting communication.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If unidirectional fiber transmission sensing control systems are used in bidirectional PON networks, then sensing control can be implemented, but data transmission is interrupted on one propagation direction
Solution Approach 1:
The bidirectional fiber is segmented into two separate unidirectional fibers, each dedicated to a specific propagation direction. This segmentation allows independent control of sensing and communication functions on each fiber, eliminating the conflict that occurs when attempting to control sensing on a bidirectional fiber used for two-way communication.
Solution Approach 2:
An optical circulator is introduced as an intermediary device to manage the separation between communication and sensing functions. The circulator directs optical signals in specific directions, enabling the system to control backscattering-based sensing on one unidirectional fiber while maintaining uninterrupted data transmission on the other unidirectional fiber.
2Object-affected harmful factors
If backscattering-based sensing is controlled on bidirectional fiber, then unauthorized sensing can be prevented, but communication in both directions is affected
Solution Approach 1:
The sensing control function is extracted from the bidirectional communication fiber by separating it into two dedicated unidirectional fibers. This extraction allows sensing control measures to be applied to one fiber without affecting the communication operations on the other fiber, thereby preventing unauthorized sensing while maintaining ease of communication operation.
Solution Approach 2:
The optical circulator serves as an intermediary that enables selective control of backscattered light. It allows authorized sensing operations while blocking unauthorized sensing attempts, all without disrupting the normal communication operations on the bidirectional fiber system.
3Reliability
If fiber sensing control is implemented to protect network infrastructure, then security is enhanced, but sensing capabilities are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The system implements different qualities or states for different parts of the fiber network. Authorized sensing operations are permitted in specific regions or under specific conditions, while unauthorized sensing is blocked. This local differentiation maintains network security while preserving necessary sensing capabilities for authorized users.
Solution Approach 2:
The optical circulator and control system act as intermediaries that selectively permit or block sensing operations based on authorization. This mediation maintains network security by blocking unauthorized sensing while preserving measurement precision for authorized sensing operations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively prevents unauthorized sensing by blocking backscattered light and enables controlled fiber-monitoring and sensing activities, enhancing security and authorized sensing capabilities in bidirectional networks.
Implementation Method 1
The BSCD uses a directionally selective optical coupling element to separate the two propagation directions of a bidirectional fiber, so that on the side of the coupling element distal to the bidirectional fiber, one unidirectional fiber will carry transmissions inbound to the coupling element, and another unidirectional fiber will carry transmissions outbound from the coupling element. The functionality of such a directionally selective optical element may be implemented, for example, by an optical circulator.
Implementation Method 2
the coupling circuit is configured to block counterpropagating light from returning from the network infrastructure to the first cable segment
Data Source
AI summary
Control of fiber sensing is provided for optical fiber networks. A Bidirectional Sensing Control Devices (BSCD) is placed at each of one or more selected locations in the network. The BSCD uses a directionally selective optical coupling element to separate the two propagation directions of a bidirectional fiber, so that on the side of the coupling element distal to the bidirectional fiber, one unidirectional fiber will carry transmissions inbound to the coupling element, and another unidirectional fiber will carry transmissions outbound from the coupling element. Sensing control can then be effectuated on one or both of the unidirectional fibers without interrupting communication in either propagation transmission direction.