Bile-Resistant Bacillus Strains for Rapid Phytase Secretion
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing Bacillus compositions used in animal feed do not rapidly germinate and outgrow in the presence of bile salts, leading to slow phytase production and reduced effectiveness in improving phosphate utilization and bioavailability in monogastric animals, resulting in phosphorus pollution and increased feed costs.
Innovation Solution
A novel selection method for Bacillus spore cells that rapidly germinate and outgrow in bile salt environments, specifically identifying strains like DSM 19467, DSM 19489, and DSM 19466, which achieve rapid vegetative cell growth and high phytase production within 18-19 hours in 4-6 mM bile salts, enhancing their probiotic and digestive benefits.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Speed
If conventional Bacillus compositions are used in animal feed, then they can provide probiotic effects and enzyme production, but they do not rapidly germinate and outgrow in the presence of bile salts, resulting in slow phytase production and reduced effectiveness
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by selecting and characterizing Bacillus strains based on specific germination kinetics parameters in the presence of bile salts. The invention defines quantitative thresholds for germination rate and outgrowth speed under simulated gastrointestinal conditions, transforming the selection criterion from general probiotic activity to specific kinetic parameters that predict rapid enzyme production and effectiveness in the target environment.
2Reliability
If Bacillus strains are selected for bile resistance, then they can survive in the gastrointestinal tract, but they may not produce sufficient phytase quickly enough to improve nutrient availability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-selecting Bacillus strains that have already demonstrated both bile salt resistance and rapid germination capabilities before deployment in animal feed. The selection process performed in advance identifies strains with the dual capability to survive gastrointestinal conditions and quickly produce phytase, ensuring both reliability and productivity are achieved simultaneously without requiring compromise during actual application.
3Ease of manufacture
If slow-germinating Bacillus strains are used, then they may be easier to produce and handle, but they result in increased feed costs and phosphorus pollution due to reduced phosphate utilization
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies feedback by establishing a selection methodology that uses germination kinetics data as feedback to identify superior strains. The defined parameters for rapid germination and outgrowth serve as feedback criteria to screen and select Bacillus strains that will effectively reduce phosphorus pollution. This feedback mechanism ensures that only strains meeting the performance thresholds are deployed, preventing the environmental harm associated with slow-germinating strains while maintaining production feasibility.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The selected Bacillus strains exhibit rapid germination and outgrowth, leading to increased phytase production, improved nutrient availability, and reduced phosphorus pollution, making them highly effective probiotic additives for animal feed, capable of inhibiting pathogenic bacteria and enhancing digestive efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
the bacillus spores have a rapid germination and outgrowth from spore to vegetative cell in presence of a bile salt medium
Implementation Method 2
reach a vegetative cell growth point of 0.4 OD630 within less than 18 and 19 hours
Implementation Method 3
the bacillus vegetative cells are producing phytase in an amount of at least 1.25 times more than the reference bacillus cell
Implementation Method 4
Phytase is applied for improving the digestibility of phosphorous in animal diets. Phytate is the pre-dominant form of phosphorus in cereal grains, oilseeds and legumes
Implementation Method 5
Bacillus spores can pass the acidic gastric barrier and germinate and outgrow within the gastrointestinal (GIT) of the animals
Implementation Method 6
bile has some negative influences on the survival and germination and outgrowth of bacillus spore cells to vegetative cells in the GIT of animals
Implementation Method 7
the catalyzed release of phosphate occurs, and phytate in manure poses a serious phosphorus pollution problem
Data Source
AI summary
A bacillus composition characterized by fast germination and outgrowth in bile salts (simulated gut environment) and by high-level secretion of phytase. The bacillus composition may be used as supplement in animal feed where it has a probiotic (health promoting) effect and increases the digestion and availability of nutrients from animal feeds.