Tunable Binaphthyl Polymer Dyes for Multiplexed Bio-Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current fluorescent systems for bio-analyte detection lack the ability to simultaneously control excitation and emission wavelengths, limiting their sensitivity and multiplexing capabilities in cellular analysis.
Innovation Solution
Development of water-soluble π-conjugated polymer dyes with tunable excitation and emission properties, achieved by using band gap modifying units and fluorescent energy acceptor dyes, allowing for individual control of excitation and emission wavelengths within the same system.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If a fluorescent system uses a fixed bandgap structure, then the excitation wavelength is determined, but the emission wavelength cannot be independently tuned
Solution Approach 1:
The fluorescent system is divided into two functionally independent segments: a π-conjugated polymer backbone that controls excitation wavelength through bandgap engineering, and separately attachable fluorescent energy acceptor dyes that control emission wavelength. This segmentation allows independent optimization and tuning of excitation and emission properties without increasing overall system complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces fluorescent energy acceptor dyes as intermediary components that receive energy from the polymer backbone through energy transfer and re-emit at different wavelengths. This intermediary mechanism enables independent control of emission wavelength while maintaining the excitation properties determined by the polymer backbone, solving the contradiction between adaptability and complexity.
2Measurement precision
If conventional fluorescent tags are used, then the system is simple, but sensitivity and multiplexing capabilities are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite fluorescent system combining a π-conjugated polymer backbone with high absorption cross-section and tunable bandgap, and fluorescent energy acceptor dyes with specific emission wavelengths. This composite structure achieves enhanced sensitivity through the polymer's strong light absorption and enables multiplexing through the diverse emission wavelengths of different acceptor dyes, while maintaining manageable system complexity through modular design.
Solution Approach 2:
The π-conjugated polymer backbone serves multiple functions: it acts as both the excitation antenna with high absorption cross-section and the energy donor for multiple different fluorescent acceptor dyes. This multi-functionality allows a single polymer structure to support various emission wavelengths, enhancing both sensitivity and multiplexing capabilities without proportionally increasing system complexity.
3Use of energy by moving object
If the polymer backbone is designed for high-energy UV excitation, then intrinsic sensitivity is high, but compatibility with common laser sources is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the bandgap parameters of the π-conjugated polymer backbone by adjusting the π-conjugation length and chemical structure to reduce the excitation energy from high-energy UV to lower-energy visible wavelengths. This parameter change enables compatibility with common laser sources (405 nm, 488 nm, 561 nm, 640 nm) while maintaining high absorption cross-section and energy transfer efficiency to the fluorescent acceptor dyes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables highly sensitive and multiplexed detection of biomolecular analytes by allowing excitation with common lasers and emission at unique wavelengths, enhancing sensitivity and multiplexing capabilities in bio-analyte detection.
Implementation Method 1
These acceptor dyes may be used to funnel energy from the polymer backbone and yield fluorescent light at a unique wavelength for detection in a color-tuneable manner
Data Source
AI summary
The invention is directed to a conjugate having the general formula (I)Wherein AR, MU and MU* are repeating units of a polymer and MU and MU* are polymer modifying units or band gap modifying units which are evenly or randomly distributed along the polymer main chain,G1 and G2 stand for hydrogen, halogen or an antigen recognizing moiety, with the provision that at least one of G1 or G2 is an antigen recognizing moiety,a is 10 to 100 mol %,b is 0 to 90 mol %c is 0.1 to 90 mol %d is 1 to 10 000; with the provisio that a+b+c=100 mol %characterized in that AR is connected in the polymer chain via the 2,2′ or 3,3′ or 4,4′ or 5,5′ or 6,6′ or 7,7′ or 8,8′ positions according to general formula (II)Wherein the remaining positions 2,2′; 3,3′; 4,4′; 5,5′; 6,6′; 7,7′ and 8,8′ are substituted with same or different residues selected from the group consisting of H, SO2CF3, SO2Ra, CF3, CCl3, CN, SO3H, NO2, NRaRbRc+, CHO, CORa, CO2Ra, COCl, CONRaRb, F, Cl, Br, I, Ra, ORa, SRa, OCORa, NRaRb, NHCORa, CCRa, aryl-, heteroaryl-, C6H4ORa or C6H4NRaRb, with Ra-c independently hydrogen, alkyl-, alkenyl-, alkinyl-, heteroalkyl-, aryl-, heteroaryl-, cycloalkyl-, alkylcycloalkyl-, heteroalkylcycloalkyl-, heterocycloalkyl-, aralkyl- or a heteroaralkyl residue or (CH2)x(OCH2CH2)yO(CH2)zCH3, wherein x is an integer from 0 to 20; y is an integer from 0 to 50 and z is an integer from 0 to 20.