Bio-based binder system for foundry molds

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional phenolic-urethane binders used in the foundry industry contain organic solvents and free formaldehyde/phenol, leading to unpleasant odors and potential health issues, and can prematurely react with gaseous catalysts, reducing the flowability and strength of molds and cores.

Innovation Solution

A bio-based binder system comprising a polymerizable hydroxyl-containing component (PHCC) from saccharides, an isocyanate component, and a tertiary amine catalyst, which can be used in solvent-diluted systems with foundry aggregates like sand, eliminating volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and free formaldehyde/phenol, and allowing for controlled curing in cold-box or no-bake processes.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If conventional phenolic-urethane binders are used in the cold-box process, then the molds and cores can be cured, but the binders contain organic solvents and free formaldehyde/phenol which cause unpleasant odors and health issues

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveodor and health hazardsVSAvoidVOC emissions
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters of the binder system by replacing phenolic resin with a polymerizable hydroxyl-containing component (PHCC) that reacts with isocyanate to form polyurethane. This substitution eliminates the need for organic solvents and free formaldehyde/phenol, thereby resolving the harmful factors while maintaining curing functionality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite binder system combining PHCC and isocyanate components that work synergistically. The PHCC provides hydroxyl groups for polymerization while isocyanate provides crosslinking capability, forming a composite material system that achieves both environmental benefits and mechanical performance

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Strength

If phenolic-urethane binder components are mixed with sand to form foundry mix, then the binder can strengthen molds and cores, but the components may prematurely react prior to curing which reduces flowability and strength

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestrength of molds and coresVSAvoidflowability of foundry mix
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the binder system into separate components (PHCC and isocyanate) that are mixed with sand but do not react until the curing stage. This segmentation prevents premature reaction while maintaining the ability to strengthen molds and cores upon curing, thereby resolving the contradiction between strength and flowability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent prepares the foundry mix with pre-mixed PHCC and sand, but delays the isocyanate addition until just before curing. This preliminary preparation maintains flowability during mixing and shaping operations, while ensuring strength development occurs at the appropriate curing stage

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The bio-based binder system provides environmentally attractive solutions with improved flowability and strength of molds and cores, reducing VOC emissions and health hazards while maintaining or exceeding the performance of conventional phenolic-urethane binders.

Implementation Method 1

a catalyst, and preferably tertiary amine catalyst, component adapted to catalyze the polymerization of a) and b)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCatalysis: Catalysis

Implementation Method 2

catalyze the polymerization of a) and b)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPolymerization: Photopolymerisation

Data Source

PatentUS10369623B2Bio-based binder system
Publication Date: 2019.08.06 UNIV OF NORTHERN IOWA RES FOUND

AI summary

A bio-based binder system for use in preparing foundry molds. In a preferred embodiment, the system includes the use of a) a polyermizable hydroxyl-containing component comprising a saccharide, b) an isocyanate component, and c) a catalyst, and preferably amine catalyst, component adapted to catalyze the polymerization of a) and b), in the presence of a foundry aggregate such as sand. The system can be used in any suitable manner, including in either a cold box process or no bake process as described herein.