Biochemical Analysis Device Reactant Positioning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional sample analysis devices face challenges in accurately and rapidly analyzing multiple components in a target liquid using a minimal amount of sample, particularly when dealing with tens of types of items, due to issues with reactant positioning and centrifugal force-induced deviations.
Innovation Solution
The sample analysis device features a flow path with multiple reactants fixed to each path, an illumination system for precise positioning determination, and an image capture mechanism to accurately assess reactant positions and arrangement states, allowing for efficient analysis of multiple items simultaneously.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If centrifugal force is used to move solution through flow paths, then liquid transport efficiency is improved, but reactant position deviation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-fixing reactants to the flow path substrate before liquid introduction. This ensures reactants are securely positioned in advance, preventing deviation during centrifugal transport. The flow path is designed with reactants already attached at specific locations, so when centrifugal force moves the liquid, the reactants remain stationary and accurately positioned for reliable light-emitting reaction measurement.
2Adaptability or versatility
If multiple reactants are stored in one container, then analysis of multiple items is enabled, but position identification accuracy decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the container into multiple distinct flow paths, with each flow path containing a specific reactant fixed at a defined position. This segmentation allows multiple reactants to coexist in one container while maintaining clear spatial separation. The image capturing unit can then accurately identify each reactant's position by capturing images at predetermined intervals, enabling precise multi-item analysis without cross-contamination or position confusion.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a temporal dimension to position identification by capturing images at predetermined time intervals during rotation. This transforms the static position identification problem into a dynamic tracking process, where the system records reactant positions at multiple time points. By combining spatial information from multiple images, the system achieves accurate position identification even as the container rotates and multiple reactants are present.
3Quantity of substance
If minimal target liquid is used, then burden on biological body is reduced, but analysis of multiple components becomes difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies segmentation by dividing the minimal target liquid into multiple segments, with each segment introduced into a separate flow path containing a specific reactant. This allows the small amount of target liquid to be distributed across multiple analysis channels simultaneously. Each flow path performs a specific component analysis, and the results are integrated to provide comprehensive multi-component analysis from a minimal sample volume.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent merges multiple analysis functions into a single integrated system. Multiple flow paths with different reactants are combined in one container, and the image capturing unit combines information from all flow paths to provide comprehensive analysis results. This merging allows the system to analyze multiple components simultaneously using minimal target liquid, as the same small sample is distributed across multiple reactive pathways that converge in the detection system.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enables rapid and accurate analysis of multiple items in a target liquid by ensuring precise reactant positioning and minimizing sample usage, reducing measurement errors and improving analysis efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
a micro-flow path (23) allowing introduction of target liquid into the micro-flow path by means of capillary action
Implementation Method 2
move solution from a container on an inner peripheral side with respect to the rotation axis line through the flow path to a container on an outer peripheral side with respect to the rotation axis line by means of centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the holding disc
Data Source
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AI summary
In order to provide a sample analysis device capable of speedily and accurately analyzing a plurality of items for a fluid to be measured, a biochemical analysis device (50) comprises: a measurement unit (80) that captures images of and obtains image information about each reaction between a target fluid and a plurality of types of antigen (30); a storage unit (112) that stores antigen position information for the plurality of types of antigen (30) fixed in a microchannel (23); and a determination unit (111) that determines a plurality of items for a specimen, on the basis of the antigen position information and the image information. The storage unit (112) stores arrangement state determination information for determining the arrangement state of analysis chips (10). The determination unit (111) determines the arrangement state of the analysis chips (10) during imaging, on the basis of the arrangement state determination information and the image information, and analyses the specimen on the basis of the antigen position information and the image information.