Biochip Capacitance Detection Using Reference Fluid
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional biochips face challenges in accurately detecting changes in capacitance values on sensing electrodes due to the interference from buffer solution capacitance, making it difficult to monitor biomolecule reactions and presence effectively.
Innovation Solution
The method involves increasing the dielectric constant of the material between electrodes in the biochip's reaction chamber using a reference fluid with a high dielectric constant, allowing for accurate measurement of capacitance changes without distortion, and comparing impedance or capacitance values before and after the reaction to determine biomolecule presence or reaction.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a conventional biochip uses buffer solution in the reaction chamber, then the reaction environment is maintained, but the buffer solution capacitance interferes with the accurate detection of biomolecule capacitance changes
Solution Approach 1:
The total capacitance measurement is segmented into two components: buffer solution capacitance (measured in the first reaction chamber without biomolecules) and biomolecule capacitance (measured in the second reaction chamber with biomolecules). By separately measuring and subtracting the buffer component, the interference is eliminated and accurate biomolecule detection is achieved.
Solution Approach 2:
The buffer solution capacitance, which acts as a harmful interfering factor, is extracted and measured separately in the first reaction chamber. This extracted buffer capacitance value is then subtracted from the total capacitance measurement in the second chamber, removing the interference and isolating the biomolecule signal.
2Measurement precision
If the dielectric constant of the material between electrodes is increased using reference fluid, then capacitance change detection accuracy is improved, but the system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The dielectric constant parameter of the material between electrodes is changed by introducing reference fluid with high dielectric constant into the reaction chamber. This parameter change enhances the capacitance signal from biomolecule reactions, improving detection accuracy without fundamentally altering the device structure.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables sensitive detection of biomolecule reactions by distinguishing actual capacitance changes on the sensing electrode from buffer solution effects, improving the accuracy and reliability of biochip measurements.
Implementation Method 1
increasing the dielectric constant of the material between electrodes in the biochip's reaction chamber using a reference fluid with a high dielectric constant
Implementation Method 2
detecting changes of electrical property, especially the changes of an impedance or capacitance value in a reaction chamber sensitively
Implementation Method 3
detecting changes of electrical property, especially the changes of an impedance or capacitance value
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a method for detecting the presence and/or the reaction of a biomolecule by monitoring changes of electrical property accurately according to the biological, biochemical or chemical reaction of the biomolecule, and a biochip provided for this purpose.