Biochip Reaction Chamber Layout for Overflow-Free Multiplex Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing biochips face issues with solution overflow and limited capacity, leading to cross-contamination and reduced sensitivity in detecting multiple biological materials.
Innovation Solution
A biochip design with multiple reaction regions and a structured arrangement of openings to accommodate a larger volume of solution, preventing overflow and enabling simultaneous detection of various biological materials without interference.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of stationary object
If the reaction region size is increased to accommodate larger solution volume, then the solution capacity is improved, but the risk of solution overflow and cross-contamination increases
Solution Approach 1:
The chip structure is segmented into multiple isolated reaction chambers (first reaction chamber, second reaction chamber, third reaction chamber) separated by walls. Each chamber has controlled access through specific openings (first opening for solution addition, second opening for waste discharge), preventing cross-contamination while accommodating adequate solution volume for sensitive detections.
Solution Approach 2:
Different regions of the chip have specialized structures tailored to their functions: the reaction chambers have specific wall configurations and opening arrangements for solution control, the waste discharge area has a separate opening for overflow management, and each region is optimized locally to prevent overflow while maintaining adequate solution volume.
2Productivity
If multiple biological materials are detected simultaneously in the same reaction region, then the detection efficiency is improved, but the cross-interference between materials increases
Solution Approach 1:
Multiple reaction chambers are provided (first, second, and third reaction chambers) that are physically separated by walls. Each chamber can independently detect different biological materials without cross-interference, while the overall system maintains high detection efficiency through parallel operation of multiple chambers with dedicated openings for solution addition and waste discharge.
3Area of stationary object
If the reaction region is made compact to reduce chip size, then the device miniaturization is improved, but the solution volume capacity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The reaction chambers utilize three-dimensional space effectively with vertical wall structures and layered opening arrangements. The chip maintains a compact planar footprint while providing adequate solution volume through optimized vertical configuration of chambers and openings, balancing miniaturization with sufficient solution capacity for sensitive detections.
Data Source
AI summary
A biochip is configured for detecting biological materials in a solution and includes at least one detection unit, which includes a substrate, a first insulation layer disposed on the substrate, a semiconductor layer, a second insulation layer, a first metal layer, a second metal layer and a protection layer. The semiconductor layer is disposed on the first insulation layer and includes multiple reaction regions. The second insulation layer is disposed on the semiconductor layer and includes a first part, a second part surrounding the first part and a first opening. The first opening exposes the reaction regions. The first metal layer is disposed on the second part and includes source electrode, drain electrode, gate electrode and first wall structure. The protection layer includes a flat part defining a second opening, a first protruding part defining a third opening and a second protruding part defining a fourth opening.