Biofilter Grid Structure for Clog-Resistant Waste Gas Purification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing biofilters face challenges in achieving cost-effective, high-efficiency biological purification of exhaust gas streams due to issues with grid structure clogging, moisture balance, durability, and manufacturing costs, which affect the longevity and performance of the filtration process.
Innovation Solution
A biofilter design featuring a grid structure composed of elongated, crosswise arranged grid elements that are horizontally oriented, providing larger grid openings for stable and unobstructed airflow, and using organic filter materials like coniferous wood chips to support microbiological activity, with optional inorganic materials for added stability and nutrient supply.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Strength
If conventional grid structures are used to support the filter layer, then the grid structure provides stability to support the filter layer weight, but the grid openings become clogged or blocked by filter material constituents, resulting in uneven flow through the filter material
Solution Approach 1:
The grid structure is divided into multiple grid elements arranged in a specific pattern, creating numerous small grid openings throughout the structure. This segmentation prevents clogging by distributing the filter material load across many small openings rather than fewer large ones, while maintaining overall structural stability through the combined strength of multiple elements.
Solution Approach 2:
The grid elements are specifically designed with certain geometric properties (elongated shape, specific dimensions) to optimize both local flow characteristics and overall structural support. The local arrangement of grid elements creates zones that promote uniform airflow while providing adequate support for the filter layer at each location.
2Reliability
If the grid structure allows excess moisture to drip down easily, then moisture balance is maintained, but the grid structure may become too simple or block easily
Solution Approach 1:
The grid structure design allows for dynamic moisture management where excess moisture can naturally drip through the grid openings during operation. The structure adapts to varying moisture conditions while maintaining structural integrity, enabling the filter layer to receive adequate moisture for microbial activity while preventing waterlogging.
3Productivity
If the filter material is allowed to decompose naturally by microorganisms, then biodegradation of contaminants occurs, but finer constituents block grid openings causing uneven flow
Solution Approach 1:
The segmented grid structure with numerous small openings is specifically designed to handle the natural decomposition process of filter material. As microorganisms break down the filter material and create finer constituents, the multiple small grid openings prevent clogging better than fewer large openings, maintaining flow uniformity throughout the operational lifecycle of the filter layer.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This design enhances the biofilter's operational efficiency and longevity by preventing clogging, maintaining moisture balance, and reducing maintenance needs, allowing for longer operation without cleaning or replacing filter materials, while maintaining high filtration efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
the contaminants are biodegraded by microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi and/or yeasts, which are settled on the filter material of the filter layer
Implementation Method 2
The microorganisms typically convert the interfering substances into other compounds, preferably carbon dioxide and water, by oxidation with atmospheric oxygen
Implementation Method 3
the grid structures are designed as slatted floors made of concrete from screen perforated floors which, on the one hand, bring with them sufficient stability to be able to safely support the weight of the filter layer and, on the other hand, allow a uniform flow through the exhaust gas stream
Implementation Method 4
the grid structure should allow excess moisture to easily drip down from the filter layer
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to a biofilter for biologically cleaning a waste gas stream containing contaminants, having at least one filter module through which the waste gas stream is to flow. The filter module has at least one filter layer containing an organic filter material, and the at least one filter layer being supported by at least one grating structure which is in particular oriented at least substantially horizontally. According to the invention, so that the biofilter can be operated cost-effectively, with low effort and with a high filtering efficiency over the longest possible period, the at least one grating structure formed by elongate grating elements which are arranged at least substantially crosswise and are in particular oriented at least substantially horizontally.