Biological Species Detection by Filtration and Direct Amplification
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for preparing biological samples for immunological detection and DNA extraction require separate steps and often involve sample fractionation and lysis, which can lead to dilution and inefficiencies.
Innovation Solution
A method and device for preparing a biological sample that allows simultaneous selective capture and biomolecular amplification without lysis, using a single device with a filtration system and specific reagents to concentrate and detect target species directly, employing a hybrid reagent with oligonucleotide sequences for rapid and reliable detection.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If separate preparation steps are used for immunological detection and DNA extraction, then each detection method can be optimized, but the process complexity increases and sample fractionation is required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines immunological detection and DNA extraction into a single preparation step using a universal lysis buffer that simultaneously releases both antigens and DNA from biological species, eliminating the need for separate preparation procedures and sample fractionation
Solution Approach 2:
The lysis buffer is designed with multi-functional properties to perform both immunological recognition preparation and DNA extraction preparation in one solution, allowing the same buffer composition to support both detection pathways without requiring method-specific optimization
2Quantity of substance
If lysis step is performed to extract DNA, then DNA availability for amplification is improved, but the biological species structure is destroyed preventing immunological recognition
Solution Approach 1:
The detection system is segmented into two independent pathways that diverge after the common lysis step: one pathway uses released DNA for PCR amplification while the other uses released antigens for immunological detection, allowing both processes to proceed independently with their respective optimizations
3Measurement precision
If sample fractionation is performed to prepare separate samples, then each sample can be optimized for its detection method, but the process time increases and sensitivity decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The system maintains continuous useful action by performing immunological detection and DNA extraction simultaneously from the same lysate without interruption or sequential processing, thereby maximizing detection sensitivity while minimizing total preparation and analysis time
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables rapid, reliable, and sensitive detection of target biological species without sample fractionation, using a single device for both selective capture and biomolecular amplification, with improved sensitivity and specificity compared to conventional methods.
Implementation Method 1
a filter separating said chamber into two distinct spaces so as to define a first space into which said first injection channel opens and a second space into which said second channel opens, said filter having a porosity adapted to retain said biological material to be analyzed
Implementation Method 2
Injection through the first channel of a solution of a first hybrid reagent comprising molecules of selective recognition of the target biological species, these selective recognition molecules being linked to an oligonucleotide sequence
Implementation Method 3
Injection through the first channel of a second reaction conditioning solution by biomolecular amplification... Detection of the target species directly in the device by biomolecular amplification of the oligonucleotide sequence of selective recognition molecules
Data Source
Figure 1~2
Figure 3A~3D
AI summary
The invention relates to a method for detecting target biological species in a biological sample, said method being implemented in a device which allows for the chaining of sample preparation for detection by selective capture and detection by biomolecular amplification.