Biological Impedance Detection Using Segmented Gain and Phase Modules
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing biological impedance detection technologies are not suitable for implantable or portable devices due to high hardware requirements, power consumption, and complexity, making them inefficient for monitoring changes in biological impedance over time.
Innovation Solution
A signal processing system and method that divides sensory signals from biological tissues into gain and phase components using a gain detection module and phase detection module, reducing hardware needs and power consumption, and incorporating a micro stimulus generator, wireless transceiving end, and equivalent circuit parameter modeling for impedance analysis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional Wheatstone Bridge or FRA technology with PSD is used for biological impedance detection, then measurement precision and accuracy are improved, but device complexity and power consumption increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the impedance detection process into two independent modules: a gain detection module that measures impedance magnitude and a phase detection module that measures impedance phase. Each module uses simplified circuitry (comparators, square wave generators, time-to-digital converters) rather than complex PSD circuits, achieving accurate measurement while reducing hardware complexity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces traditional analog PSD (Phase-Sensitive Detection) circuitry with a digital-based approach using time-to-digital conversion. The phase information is converted into time domain measurements and then digitized, substituting complex analog signal processing with simpler digital processing methods
2Measurement precision
If traditional FRA technology with PSD is used for biological impedance detection, then measurement precision is improved, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
By dividing the detection system into separate gain and phase modules with dedicated simple circuits, each module can be optimized for low power operation. The gain module uses a comparator and square wave generator, while the phase module uses time-to-digital conversion, both consuming less power than unified PSD circuits
Solution Approach 2:
Replacing analog PSD circuits with digital time-to-digital conversion reduces power consumption by eliminating continuous analog signal processing and using event-driven digital measurement, which is more energy-efficient for implantable devices
3Measurement precision
If traditional impedance detection methods are used, then measurement accuracy is maintained, but ease of operation for continuous monitoring deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enables continuous impedance monitoring by having both gain and phase detection modules operate simultaneously and continuously. The independent module architecture allows uninterrupted measurement without the balance adjustment interruptions required by Wheatstone Bridge methods, providing continuous useful action for monitoring changing biological impedance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables accurate monitoring of biological impedance changes with reduced hardware and power consumption, facilitating the development of implantable or portable devices for clinical and biomedical applications.
Implementation Method 1
a sensor to sense the sensory signal from the biological tissue to be measured by the principle of Ohm's Law
Data Source
AI summary
A signal process system and the method for the same and a biological resistance detection device and element used to perform corresponding signal process for sensory signal sensed by a sensor, wherein a minor AC electrical signal is injected into a biological tissue to be measured in order to sense the sensory signal of the biological tissue to be measured by means of the principle of Ohm's Law. Moreover, the sensory signal may be processed to restore a biological property of the measured biological tissue and to create an equivalent circuit parameter model representative of the biological property.