Biomass Fertilizer Process for Liquid Manure Odor and Nitrogen Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Agricultural liquid manure fertilization leads to odor nuisances, soil erosion, and nutrient imbalances due to high ammonium and potassium ion concentrations, causing damage to soil quality and plant health, and results in the loss of valuable nitrogen through ammonia outgassing.
Innovation Solution
A multi-stage process involving mechanical separation, addition of C-containing substances, biogenic semi-aerobic fermentation, and aerobic dissimilation/fermentation to convert inorganic ions into organic compounds, using specific bacteria, molds, and yeasts to metabolize ammonium, potassium, and phosphate ions, thereby reducing odor and enhancing soil nutrient availability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If liquid manure is applied directly to soil for fertilization, then plants receive nutrients, but odor nuisances and nitrogen emissions occur due to high ammonium ion concentration
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameter of the manure by adjusting pH to 4-7 using acids, which converts volatile ammonium ions into non-volatile forms, thereby reducing odor and nitrogen emissions while preserving nutrient availability for plants
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful high concentration of ammonium ions into beneficial organic nitrogen compounds through microbial fermentation processes, transforming the harmful ammonia emission problem into useful organic nutrients for soil and plants
2Quantity of substance
If liquid manure is applied to soil, then plants receive potassium and phosphate, but soil structure stability is destroyed causing erosion and humus loss
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the chemical form of nutrients from inorganic ions to organic compounds through fermentation, changing how nutrients interact with soil structure and preventing the destabilizing effects of high ion concentrations while maintaining nutrient supply
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces microbial biomass as an intermediary that incorporates inorganic ions into organic compounds, which then serve as gentle, sustained-release nutrients that do not disrupt soil structure like direct inorganic salt application
3Quantity of substance
If inorganic fertilizers are used to provide nutrients, then plants receive necessary elements, but nitrogen is lost through ammonia outgassing
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the loss-prone inorganic nitrogen into stable organic nitrogen compounds through microbial fermentation, where nitrogen is locked in microbial biomass and released gradually, preventing ammonia outgassing losses
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The process effectively reduces odor nuisances, minimizes nitrogen loss, and converts inorganic ions into organic forms suitable for soil health, promoting sustainable soil management and plant nutrition by incorporating nutrients into microbial biomass.
Implementation Method 1
biogenic semiaerobic fermentation without the supply of air or O2 for acidification by adding bacteria to a pH value of approximately 6.0-5.8
Implementation Method 2
Aerobic dissimilation and/or fermentation and further acidification to a pH value of approximately 4.8 with the addition of molds and/or yeasts and/or bacteria with the supply of air or oxygen wherein the inorganic ions present in the essentially liquid phase of the slurry or in the homogenized slurry mixture, in particular ammonium ions, potassium ions and phosphate ions, are metabolized by the molds and/or yeasts and/or bacteria in a microbiological reaction and are organically bound
Data Source
Figure 1~2
AI summary
Multi-stage process for processing agricultural slurry to produce biomass fertilizer, characterized by the following process steps: a) Separation of the agricultural slurry mixture by mechanical separation such as sieving (grates) or centrifugation of coarse foreign bodies such as straw from the essentially liquid phase or homogenization of the slurry mixture by chopping straw and hay fibers; b) Addition of carbon-containing substances, such as mono-, di-, oligo-, and polysaccharides, pyrolytic acids, gluconodel-alactone, and the like, to the liquid phase.the homogenized slurry mixture, c) biogenic semiaerobic fermentation for acidification by adding bacteria to a pH value of approximately 6.0-5.8, d) aerobic dissimilation and/or fermentation and further acidification to a pH value of approximately 4.8 with the addition of molds and/or yeasts and/or bacteria with the supply of air or oxygen, whereby the inorganic ions present in the essentially liquid phase of the slurry or in the homogenized slurry mixture, in particular ammonium ions, potassium ions and phosphate ions, are metabolized by the molds and/or yeasts and/or bacteria in a microbiological reaction and are organically bound or stored in the resulting organic nitrogen compounds, such as amino acids, oligopeptides, peptides, proteins, chitins, urea and phytin or other organic compounds.