Biometric Authentication Device Using Geometric Pre-filtering
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Solution Overview
Problem
Biometric authentication devices face high computational complexity and power consumption when authenticating large numbers of individuals, limiting their wide deployment due to the need for high processing power and complex installations, as existing methods cannot efficiently assign unique keys to biometric features.
Innovation Solution
A biometrics authentication device and method that reduce computational complexity by capturing image data of a body part, determining characteristic geometric properties, and limiting comparisons to pre-stored features with a predefined similarity level, using visible light, near infrared light, or time of flight cameras, and providing user guidance to improve accuracy and reduce the number of comparisons.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If brute force comparison method is used to authenticate persons with large databases, then authentication accuracy is maintained, but computational complexity and power consumption increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the authentication process into two distinct phases: a preprocessing phase that computes and stores similarity scores between biometric templates and reference samples, and an authentication phase that uses these pre-computed scores to quickly identify candidate matches. This segmentation allows the computationally intensive work to be done once during preprocessing, while authentication itself becomes much faster and less complex.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary computation of similarity scores between biometric templates and reference samples before the actual authentication occurs. These pre-computed similarity scores are stored and used during authentication to quickly identify candidate matches without performing full biometric comparisons, thereby reducing computational complexity during the authentication phase.
2Productivity
If high processing power is used to achieve fast response times, then authentication speed improves, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the authentication system into two operational modes: an offline preprocessing mode that performs computationally intensive similarity computations, and an online authentication mode that uses pre-computed data for fast, low-power matching. This segmentation allows the system to achieve fast response times during authentication without requiring high processing power at that moment.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs similarity computations and candidate identification in advance, storing the results for rapid retrieval during authentication. This preliminary action shifts the computational burden to a separate preprocessing stage, enabling the authentication stage to operate with minimal power consumption while maintaining fast response times.
3Reliability
If full biometric feature comparison is performed against all stored features, then authentication accuracy is ensured, but response time increases for large databases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the database comparison process into two stages: first, use pre-computed similarity scores to quickly identify a small subset of candidate matches from the large database; second, perform full biometric feature comparison only on these candidates. This segmentation dramatically reduces the number of full comparisons needed while maintaining authentication accuracy.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary filtering using pre-computed similarity scores to identify candidate matches before conducting full biometric comparisons. This preliminary action reduces the search space from the entire database to a small subset of likely matches, thereby reducing response time while ensuring accuracy through subsequent full comparison of candidates.
4Ease of manufacture
If standard computing devices are used for authentication, then deployment cost is reduced, but computational complexity limits their capability to handle large databases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the computational workload between a powerful offline preprocessing system (which can be a complex installation) and a simple online authentication device (which uses standard computing hardware). The preprocessing phase handles the computationally intensive tasks of similarity computation and candidate identification, while the authentication phase uses minimal resources, enabling deployment on standard devices.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary computation of similarity scores and candidate identification using powerful offline systems, storing results that can be quickly retrieved by standard computing devices during authentication. This preliminary action enables low-cost standard devices to perform fast authentication without requiring high processing power, thereby reducing deployment costs while maintaining capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables fast and efficient authentication using standard computing devices, reducing computational complexity by a factor of 10 to 13, allowing for response times under 1 second while minimizing power consumption and deployment costs.
Implementation Method 1
using visible light, near infrared light, or time of flight cameras
Data Source
AI summary
A biometrics authentication device for authenticating a person by comparing biometric features of a body part of the person with pre-stored biometric features of body parts of a plurality of registered persons is configured to: capture image data of the body part of the person; determine from the captured image data at least one characteristic geometric body part property of the body part of the person and biometric features of the body part of the person; limit comparison of the biometric features of the body part of the person to pre-stored biometric features of body parts of the plurality of registered persons which have a predefined similarity level with the at least one characteristic geometric body part property of the person.