Biometric Template Protection via Iterative Binary Code Perturbation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional biometric data protection systems are vulnerable to data security issues, as biometric data, being unique and unchangeable, poses significant risks if compromised, and existing security mechanisms are inadequate to effectively protect this sensitive information.
Innovation Solution
A method and system that utilize a neural network to generate and update binary codes by computing perturbations based on gradients, ensuring that the biometric data is protected by iteratively refining a second binary code until it matches a first binary code, thereby securely mapping feature vectors and perturbations to the binary code, effectively safeguarding the biometric data.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If biometric data is stored in biometric templates for authentication purposes, then user identification and verification capabilities are improved, but data security risks worsen because biometric data cannot be changed if compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces binary codes as an intermediary layer between the original biometric data and the authentication process. Instead of storing and processing raw biometric data directly, the system converts biometric data into binary code representations. This intermediary encoding protects the original biometric data while enabling authentication functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates binary code copies of the original biometric data for storage and processing purposes. These binary code representations serve as surrogates that can be manipulated, stored, and compared without exposing the actual biometric data, thereby reducing security risks while maintaining authentication capabilities.
2Ease of operation
If conventional encryption-decryption mechanisms are used to protect biometric data, then data access control is improved, but security adequacy worsens because these mechanisms are insufficient for unique, unchangeable biometric data
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transforms the protection mechanism by changing the parameter space from traditional encryption keys to binary code representations. Instead of relying on encryption-decryption with keys, the system uses binary code generation and comparison, fundamentally changing how access control is implemented for biometric data.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical encryption-decryption system with a binary code-based authentication system. Rather than using cryptographic algorithms with private and public keys, the system uses binary code generation from biometric data and compares these codes for authentication, substituting one security mechanism with another better suited for immutable biometric data.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If cancellable biometric templates are generated using transform pixel operations, then biometric data protection is improved, but system complexity worsens due to the additional transform operations required
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the essential features from biometric data to generate binary codes, rather than applying complex transform pixel operations to the entire biometric image. By taking out only the critical feature information and converting it to binary representation, the system reduces complexity while maintaining protection effectiveness.
4Measurement precision
If actual biometric data is used directly for verification purposes, then verification accuracy is improved, but security risks worsen because the actual biometric data becomes vulnerable to theft
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses binary code copies instead of actual biometric data for verification operations. These binary code representations maintain the necessary information for accurate verification while being safe to store, transmit, and process, thereby eliminating the security vulnerability of handling actual biometric data.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different quality requirements to different representations of biometric data. The original biometric data is kept secure and unchanged, while binary code representations are used for verification operations. Each representation serves its specific purpose with appropriate quality characteristics, optimizing both security and verification accuracy.
Data Source
AI summary
Biometric templates (template) are used to store biometric data of one or more users. As biometric data of each user is unique and non-replaceable, template security is a major concern. This disclosure relates generally to template protection, and more particularly to a method and system for biometric template protection. The system generates a final perturbation value for data in the template, based on a first binary code (BC), a second binary code (BC′), feature vectors corresponding to data in the template, and an initial random perturbation. The final perturbation and the feature vectors are mapped to the first binary code. The first binary code represents the template. Every time the first binary code is compromised, the value of first binary code is updated, and the whole process is repeated to generate corresponding final perturbation and then the mapping is done.