Portable Biometric Identity Confirmation via Spirometric and Pulse Wave Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing biometric identification methods are often complex, prone to counterfeiting, and lack specificity, especially in dynamic environments, and there is a need for a secure and efficient means of identity confirmation that can distinguish individuals reliably and quickly.
Innovation Solution
A portable testing unit that combines spirometric and pulse wave data analysis to confirm identity through a processor that compares real-time breath and pulse data with stored subject characterization data, enabling secure access and transactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If fingerprint, retinal, iris, or facial scan methods are used for biometric identification, then identification capability is achieved, but device complexity and computational requirements increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and measures specific physiological parameters (spirometric characteristics and pulse wave features) from the complex biometric data space. Instead of processing entire images or complex patterns, the system isolates and measures particular physiological signals that are sufficient for identification, thereby reducing computational complexity while maintaining identification capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex image processing systems with simpler physiological signal measurement systems. By substituting optical/image-based biometric systems with spirometric and pulse wave measurements, the system achieves identification with reduced device complexity and computational requirements.
2Device complexity
If voice recognition is used for biometric identification, then processing simplicity is improved, but susceptibility to counterfeiting increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines two distinct physiological measurement systems (spirometric sensing and pulse wave sensing) into a unified identification system. By merging these two independent physiological signals that are both difficult to counterfeit and relatively simple to process, the system achieves both processing simplicity and enhanced security against counterfeiting.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite biometric identifier by combining spirometric characteristics and pulse wave features. This composite approach is analogous to using composite materials - each component provides specific properties (simplicity of processing from spirometry, security from pulse wave analysis), and together they create a more robust identification system than either component alone.
3Device complexity
If single parameter biometric identifiers such as height or weight are used, then simplicity is maintained, but specificity and reliability decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges two physiological parameter sets (spirometric parameters and pulse wave parameters) into a unified identification system. This combination maintains relative simplicity compared to image-based systems while significantly improving specificity, as the dual-parameter approach creates a more unique physiological signature than single-parameter systems.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution provides a highly specific and secure means of identity confirmation, reducing waiting times and potential fraud, while being difficult to counterfeit, as only the assigned individual can access secure facilities or systems.
Implementation Method 1
a pressure/flow transducer (20) within the orifice (15) for generating spirometric data during breath samples provided by the subject
Implementation Method 2
A pulse sensor (24) is located adjacent to the orifice (15) to generate pulse waveform data simultaneous with the spirometric data during each test
Data Source
AI summary
A portable testing unit for biometric identity confirmation includes a housing with an orifice to receive a breath sample from the test subject, a spirometric sensor, and a pulse sensor adjacent to the orifice. A processor analyzes spirometric data from the spirometric sensor and simultaneous pulse wave data from the pulse sensor during the breath sample, together with stored subject characterization data for a known subject to confirm whether the identity of the test subject matches the known subject. A communications link enables the processor to communicate to the external station whether the identity of the test subject matches the known subject. For example, this portable testing unit can be used to control access to a secure facility or computer, authenticate the identity of a party in a financial transaction, or confirm the identity of the subject of an alcohol monitoring test.