Biomimetic Cell Wall Coating Using Crosslinked DNA Oligonucleotides
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for creating a cell wall structure on mammalian cells face challenges such as harsh reactions and toxic polymer contact, limiting their application in biocatalysis, bioanalysis, and bioproduction.
Innovation Solution
A method involving polymerized oligonucleotide structures is developed, where initiator oligonucleotides are contacted with complementary DNA monomers to form crosslinked biomimetic cell wall (BCW) structures on surfaces, including cells, tissues, and biomedical devices.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional polymeric or metallic materials are cast on the cell surface, then a protective cell wall structure is formed, but harsh reactions and toxic polymer contact occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters of the coating material from conventional toxic polymers and metals to biocompatible oligonucleotide sequences. This parameter change eliminates toxicity while maintaining protective function, as DNA-based materials are naturally biocompatible and can be metabolized by cells without harmful effects.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite protective structure using DNA-based materials that combine the protective function of cell walls with the biocompatibility of nucleic acids. The crosslinked DNA network forms a composite material that provides mechanical protection while avoiding the toxic effects of conventional polymers.
2Area of stationary object
If high material-to-cell ratios are used to form a protective layer, then adequate coverage is achieved, but cell toxicity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the material composition parameter from high concentrations of toxic polymers to low concentrations of biocompatible DNA sequences. The DNA-based coating achieves adequate coverage at much lower material ratios because DNA molecules are non-toxic even at higher concentrations, eliminating the trade-off between coverage and toxicity.
3Strength
If crosslinked matrix structures are formed on cells, then mechanical protection is enhanced, but the complexity of the synthesis process increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs self-assembly and self-crosslinking mechanisms where DNA sequences automatically form the protective matrix structure without complex external intervention. The complementary base pairing of DNA enables spontaneous crosslinking, eliminating the need for complex synthesis procedures while maintaining mechanical strength.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces complex mechanical synthesis processes with molecular recognition-based self-assembly. Instead of using complex fabrication equipment and multi-step procedures, the DNA sequences naturally assemble and crosslink through complementary base pairing, simplifying the synthesis process while achieving the desired mechanical protection.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The BCW provides protection against environmental assaults and immune responses, enhancing cell viability and functionality.
Implementation Method 1
contacting the surface with at a first DNA monomer (DM), wherein the first DM comprises an oligonucleotide sequence complementary to a region of the DI and further comprises an oligonucleotide sequence that is not complementary to the DI, such that a portion of the DM hybridizes to the DI
Implementation Method 2
crosslinking the side groups of the polymerized oligonucleotide structures
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates generally to methods of generating a biomimetic cell wall (BCW) on a target surface, compositions comprising the BCW, and methods of use of the compositions, including biomedical applications of the BCW coated compositions.