Bionic Fiber Adsorbent for Heavy Metal Removal
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current cellulose-based adsorbent materials with multi-adsorption sites have low reaction efficiency and unbalanced densities of functional groups, making it difficult to rapidly and completely remove low-concentration anionic and cationic heavy metal ions simultaneously.
Innovation Solution
A bionic fiber adsorptive material is developed by blending modified polyethyleneimine polymers with carboxylated nanocellulose and graphene oxide using a coaxial spinning method, creating a multilayer structure with balanced N, O, and S adsorption sites, which are chemically connected, enhancing the material's adsorption performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If a cellulose-based adsorbent with multi-adsorption sites is prepared using conventional methods, then the material can remove heavy metal ions, but the reaction efficiency is low and the density of functional groups is not high
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite fiber structure integrating nanocellulose skeleton, graphene oxide outer layer, and three types of polyethyleneimine polymers with different functional groups (amino, carboxyl, sulfur-containing groups). This composite structure combines the advantages of each material to achieve high reaction efficiency and high functional group density for simultaneous removal of multiple heavy metal ions
Solution Approach 2:
The patent divides the adsorbent into distinct functional layers: nanocellulose provides structural support, graphene oxide forms the outer layer, and three different polyethyleneimine polymers provide specific adsorption sites for different metal ions. This segmentation allows each component to optimize its function, resulting in high overall efficiency
2Adaptability or versatility
If a cellulose-based adsorbent with multi-adsorption sites is prepared using conventional methods, then the material can adsorb heavy metal ions, but the density of each functional group is unbalanced
Solution Approach 1:
The patent assigns different functional group densities to different polyethyleneimine polymers based on their specific adsorption needs. The first polymer (with amino groups) has optimized density for cationic metals, the second (with carboxyl groups) for anionic metals, and the third (with sulfur groups) for specific metal ions like Hg2+ and Pb2+. This local optimization achieves balanced multi-adsorption capability
Solution Approach 2:
The adsorbent integrates three types of functional groups (amino, carboxyl, sulfur-containing) within a single fiber structure, enabling it to simultaneously adsorb multiple types of heavy metal ions (both cationic and anionic) through a unified material system with balanced functional group distribution
3Speed
If a cellulose-based adsorbent with multi-adsorption sites is prepared using conventional methods, then the material can remove heavy metal ions, but it is difficult to achieve rapid simultaneous removal of multiple anion and cation heavy metal ions at low concentrations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent pre-organizes three different polyethyleneimine polymers with different functional groups within the fiber structure before exposure to contaminated water. This preliminary arrangement of adsorption sites ensures that when multiple heavy metal ions are present, the appropriate functional groups are already positioned and ready to bind their target ions rapidly and simultaneously
Solution Approach 2:
The composite fiber structure combines nanocellulose, graphene oxide, and three polyethyleneimine polymers with different functional groups, creating a material that can rapidly and simultaneously adsorb multiple types of heavy metal ions at low concentrations through the synergistic action of all components
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The material achieves simultaneous, rapid, and complete removal of multiple heavy metal ions at low concentrations, with high adsorption densities and a fluffy structure that maintains efficiency even after regeneration, meeting drinking water standards within minutes.
Implementation Method 1
the performance of the adsorbent plays a key role. Cellulose-based adsorbent has received extensive attention due to its advantages such as environmental protection, low cost, easy modification, and high efficiency. Many studies have reported that functional groups such as amino (—NH2), carboxyl (—COOH), hydroxyl (—OH) and sulfur-containing groups can provide necessary adsorption sites for heavy metal ions.
Implementation Method 2
the carboxylated nanocellulose is obtained by oxidizing a biomass fiber by a TEMPO/NaBr/NaClO oxidation system
Implementation Method 3
adopting a coaxial spinning method based on a principle of imitating spider spinning
Implementation Method 4
adopting a coaxial spinning method based on a principle of imitating spider spinning, and then adopting a post-crosslinking technology
Implementation Method 5
a connection among the layers is a chemical bond connection; the three polyethyleneimine polymers modified by the multifunctional groups respectively as an inner layer, and a connection among the layers is a chemical bond connection
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides a bionic fiber adsorptive material with multi-adsorption sites and a preparation method and use thereof, and the material is rich in multi-adsorption sites (N, O and S). The material is obtained by blending three polyethyleneimine polymers modified by multifunctional groups respectively with a carboxylated nanocellulose and graphene oxide, then adopting a coaxial spinning method based on a principle of imitating spider spinning, and then adopting a post-crosslinking technology. The material has a multilayer structure with the nanocellulose as a skeleton, the graphene oxide as an outer layer, and the three polyethyleneimine polymers modified by the multifunctional groups respectively as an inner layer, and a connection among the layers is a chemical bond connection. Densities of N, O and S adsorption sites of the material according to the present invention are all higher than 5 mmol/g.