Bioreactor Nitrogen Oxide Reduction via Fe(II) Chelation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current nitrogen oxide removal technologies face challenges such as high energy costs, catalyst requirements, and secondary waste generation, with biological processes being more environmentally friendly but needing efficient methods for nitrogen oxide reduction in samples using microorganisms.
Innovation Solution
A method involving a plug flow reactor with compartments and porous plates, where microorganisms are adsorbed onto carriers, and a chelating agent complex with Fe(II) and nitrogen oxides is used to reduce nitrogen oxide concentrations, utilizing specific microorganisms and conditions to enhance denitrification and iron reduction reactions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If chemical reduction methods (SCR, SNCR, scrubbing, adsorption) are used to remove nitrogen oxides, then nitrogen oxide removal efficiency is improved, but energy cost and catalyst cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces chemical reduction methods with a biological treatment system using microorganisms (specifically denitrifying bacteria) to reduce nitrogen oxides. This substitution eliminates the need for high-energy chemical processes while maintaining effective nitrogen oxide removal through biologically-mediated reduction reactions.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the fundamental parameter of the removal process from chemical to biological. By using microorganisms that naturally perform denitrification, the system achieves nitrogen oxide removal at lower energy consumption levels compared to thermal or chemical processes, while operating under milder environmental conditions.
2Reliability
If chemical reduction methods (SCR, SNCR) are used to remove nitrogen oxides, then nitrogen oxide removal efficiency is improved, but secondary waste generation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent converts the biological waste products of denitrifying microorganisms (which naturally produce biomass and water as end products) into a beneficial treatment process. Unlike chemical methods that generate harmful byproducts, the biological system transforms nitrogen oxides into less harmful substances while the microorganisms thrive on the process.
3Object-affected harmful factors
If biological processes are used to remove nitrogen oxides, then environmental friendliness and lower energy cost are improved, but treatment efficiency needs enhancement
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces an intermediary substance (chelating agent) that facilitates the interaction between microorganisms and nitrogen oxides. This intermediary enhances the biological treatment efficiency by improving the availability and accessibility of nitrogen oxides to the microbial cells, thereby increasing reaction rates without compromising environmental benefits.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs a composite system combining microorganisms with chelating agents to create an enhanced biological treatment capability. This composite approach integrates the natural denitrification ability of microbes with the chemical enhancement provided by chelating agents, achieving both high efficiency and environmental friendliness.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach effectively reduces nitrogen oxide concentrations, achieving high removal efficiencies while minimizing secondary waste and energy costs, and can be adapted for various nitrogen oxide forms and concentrations.
Implementation Method 1
contacting a microorganism with a nitrogen oxide-containing sample to reduce the concentration of the nitrogen oxide in the sample
Implementation Method 2
the Fe(II)(L)-NOx is a complex in which a chelating agent, Fe2+, and NOx are chelated
Implementation Method 3
two or more compartments separated by a porous plate, wherein the porous plate comprises a plurality of pores
Implementation Method 4
a plurality of carriers to which a microorganism is adsorbed
Data Source
AI summary
A method of reducing a concentration of a nitrogen oxide, the method comprising: contacting a microorganism with a nitrogen oxide-containing sample to reduce the concentration of the nitrogen oxide in the sample, wherein the contacting comprises contacting the microorganism with Fe(II)(L)-NOx in a bioreactor, wherein the Fe(II)(L)-NOx is a complex in which a chelating agent, Fe2+, and NOx are chelated, wherein L is the chelating agent, and wherein NOx is a nitrogen oxide ligand.