Biorthogonal Transformer Windings for Network Port Crosstalk
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional transformer and common mode choke configurations in network ports suffer from electromagnetic interference (EMI) and signal interference due to closely wound coils, leading to performance degradation and increased costs in mitigating these issues.
Innovation Solution
The use of biorthogonal windings for transformers and common mode chokes, where windings on each magnetic core are positioned orthogonal to adjacent windings, reduces coupling between coils and enhances common mode noise rejection and crosstalk performance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional closely wound coil configurations are used in transformers and common mode chokes, then device complexity and manufacturing costs increase due to EMI mitigation requirements, but electromagnetic interference and signal interference worsen
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies asymmetry by positioning windings at non-traditional locations on the magnetic core. Specifically, windings are placed at asymmetric positions around the core perimeter rather than uniformly distributed, which disrupts the symmetric electromagnetic coupling patterns that cause EMI and crosstalk in conventional designs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from conventional planar winding arrangements to a three-dimensional spatial configuration. Windings are positioned at different angular positions around the core in multiple dimensions, creating orthogonal relationships between adjacent windings that reduce electromagnetic interference without requiring additional shielding layers or complex routing.
2Ease of manufacture
If conventional closely wound coil configurations are used in transformers and common mode chokes, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but signal interference and crosstalk increase
Solution Approach 1:
The asymmetric winding placement at specific angular positions on the core simplifies the manufacturing process by eliminating the need for complex winding patterns while simultaneously reducing signal interference through disrupted electromagnetic coupling between adjacent coils.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by creating distinct spatial zones around the core with different winding densities and orientations. Each local region is optimized to minimize interference with adjacent regions while maintaining manufacturing simplicity through standardized winding techniques in each zone.
3Reliability
If biorthogonal windings are used with orthogonal positioning, then common mode noise rejection and crosstalk performance improve, but winding complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The biorthogonal winding configuration uses asymmetric positioning at specific angular intervals around the core to achieve orthogonal relationships between adjacent windings. This asymmetric arrangement improves common mode noise rejection by 5-10 dB and reduces crosstalk by 10-30 dB while maintaining manageable winding complexity through geometric regularity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration improves common mode noise rejection by 5-10 dB and reduces crosstalk by 10-30 dB across various frequencies, effectively addressing EMI and SI problems while maintaining signal integrity without significant resource or labor costs.
Implementation Method 1
The transformer electromagnetically couples signals from a primary side to a secondary side
Implementation Method 2
The common mode choke allows data signals to pass through unimpeded while presenting high impedance to common mode signals and noise, thereby removing high frequency noises
Data Source
AI summary
In one embodiment, an apparatus includes an array of transformers and common mode chokes each comprising a magnetic core and windings wound around the magnetic core at opposing locations on the magnetic core, and a retaining groove on each of the magnetic cores to maintain the windings in their opposing locations on the magnetic core. The transformers and common mode chokes are positioned in the array with the windings on each of the magnetic cores located offset to the windings of adjacent magnetic cores in the array to reduce crosstalk and improve common mode noise rejection.