Biosensing Apparatus Using Grating-Coupled Localized Plasmon Resonance
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Standard SPR biosensors are expensive, inconvenient, and difficult to miniaturize due to their reliance on bulky optics for measuring surface plasmon resonance, limiting their ability to probe bio-molecular interactions effectively.
Innovation Solution
A bio-sensing apparatus utilizing localized plasmon resonance coupled with diffraction, featuring a substrate with a grating, nanoparticles functionalized with molecular recognition units, and a cover plate, which detects changes in refractive index and bio-molecular interactions using a simple optical setup, allowing for label-free and miniaturized bio-sensing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If standard SPR biosensor configuration is used, then surface plasmon resonance measurement is achieved, but the device becomes expensive, bulky, and difficult to miniaturize
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the complex mechanical optical system (prism, mirrors, beam splitters) with a simplified optical configuration using a diffraction grating and localized surface plasmon resonance on metal nanoparticles. This substitution maintains measurement precision while dramatically reducing device complexity and enabling miniaturization.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the operational parameters from conventional SPR (measuring reflected light intensity at a specific angle) to localized SPR coupled with diffraction (measuring diffraction pattern shifts). This parameter change allows the use of simpler optical components while achieving equivalent or superior sensing performance.
2Reliability
If conventional SPR optical setup is used, then bio-molecular interaction probing is achieved, but the system becomes expensive and inconvenient
Solution Approach 1:
The complex mechanical optical bench is replaced with a compact integrated device using diffraction grating and localized SPR, making the system more convenient for operation and potential on-site deployment while maintaining reliable bio-molecular interaction detection.
Solution Approach 2:
The simplified optical setup using diffraction grating and localized SPR can serve multiple functions including detection, miniaturization, and potential integration with portable platforms, making the system universally applicable for various bio-sensing scenarios.
3Measurement precision
If standard SPR configuration is used, then label-free bio-sensing is achieved, but miniaturization is difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The replacement of bulky optical components with a compact diffraction grating-based localized SPR system enables label-free detection capability to be maintained while reducing device size for miniaturization and portability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from measuring reflected light intensity in one dimension to analyzing diffraction pattern shifts in angular space, enabling compact device design while maintaining detection precision for label-free bio-sensing.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables highly sensitive, cost-effective, and portable bio-sensing with potential for on-site and disposable devices, capable of real-time detection of bio-interactions without the need for bulky optics, and allows for multiplex detection through an array format.
Implementation Method 1
A bio-sensing apparatus and a system using localized plasmon resonance coupled with diffraction
Implementation Method 2
localized plasmon resonance coupled with diffraction
Data Source
AI summary
A bio-sensing system comprises a light source, a bio-sensing apparatus, a detecting platform, and a processing unit. A bio-sensing apparatus further comprising a substrate, a sample with at least one analyte, at least one grating bound on the substrate for diffracting a light beam in a reflection mode and outputting at least one output light beam, a plurality of nanoparticles being bound on one side of the grating, a molecular recognition unit bound on said nanoparticle surface, and a cover plate covering the nanoparticle-modified side of the substrate. The detecting platform receives a signal while the at least one output light beam passing through the bio-sensing apparatus. The processing unit couples with the detecting platform for receiving and analyzing the signal. Wherein when the analyte passes through the microfludic channel to contact with said nanoparticles, the at least one output light beam changes in accordance with the refractive index of the sample or in accordance with the interaction of the analyte with said molecular recognition unit bound on said nanoparticle surface.