Biosensor Chip Centrifugal Quantification for Virus Detection
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional biosensor chips require numerous individual reagents for virus detection, leading to high costs and risks of cross-contamination, which can decrease measurement accuracy.
Innovation Solution
A biosensor chip design with a main body, holding chamber, dispensing chamber, quantification chambers, and measurement chambers, where the quantification chambers are positioned away from the rotational center to ensure consistent specimen distribution and prevent backflow, using caps for individual reagents to prevent contamination and deactivation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If numerous individual reagents are used for virus detection, then detection capability is improved, but cost increases and cross-contamination risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The biosensor chip is divided into multiple independent measurement chambers, each containing a different individual reagent for detecting specific viruses. Each chamber is isolated from others, preventing cross-contamination while maintaining the ability to detect multiple virus types simultaneously. This segmentation allows the system to handle numerous reagents without increasing cross-contamination risk.
2Adaptability or versatility
If numerous individual reagents are combined in multiple types, then detection versatility is improved, but management cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
A single biosensor chip design with multiple measurement chambers serves multiple detection purposes. Each chamber is pre-configured with specific reagents, allowing the chip to detect various viruses (influenza A, influenza B, respiratory syncytial virus, etc.) simultaneously. This universal design eliminates the need to manage separate chips for different virus types, reducing management complexity while maintaining detection versatility.
3Productivity
If individual reagents are applied and dried under the same environment, then processing efficiency is improved, but cross-contamination occurs
Solution Approach 1:
Each measurement chamber is completely isolated from other chambers, with individual access ports and sealed structures. This allows reagents to be applied and dried in each chamber independently under the same environmental conditions without risk of cross-contamination. The segmentation maintains processing efficiency while ensuring measurement accuracy by preventing harmful interactions between different reagents.
4Manufacturing precision
If quantification chambers are positioned closer to the rotational center, then specimen distribution may be more uniform, but backflow risk increases
Solution Approach 1:
The quantification chambers are positioned asymmetrically at different radial distances from the rotational center, rather than uniformly at the same distance. This asymmetric arrangement, combined with the rotational movement, creates a centrifugal force gradient that prevents backflow while ensuring each chamber receives a consistent, specific amount of specimen. The asymmetric positioning resolves the contradiction by using the rotational motion to achieve both uniform distribution and prevent backflow.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design reduces production and management costs, minimizes contamination risks, and maintains measurement accuracy by ensuring consistent specimen amounts and isolating reagents, thereby improving detection reliability.
Implementation Method 1
the biosensor chip is placed in a biosensor device and rotated while a specimen is measured
Implementation Method 2
the farther away a quantification chamber is disposed from the first channel, the farther it is disposed away from the rotational center of the rotary motion. Thus, the quantification chambers empty of specimen starting from the side closest to the first channel
Data Source
AI summary
A biosensor chip is placed in a biosensor device and is rotated while a biochemical analysis specimen is measured, the biosensor chip comprising a main body, a holding chamber, a dispensing chamber, a plurality of quantification chambers, and a plurality of measurement chambers. The main body has an inlet into which the specimen is poured. The holding chamber holds the poured specimen inside the main body. The dispensing chamber is connected to the holding chamber via a first channel and dispenses the specimen. The quantification chambers are connected to the dispensing chamber, hold a specific amount of the dispensed specimen, and are disposed at positions located away from a rotational center of a rotary motion according to a distance from the first channel. The measurement chambers are connected to the quantification chambers via a second channel and react the specimen with a biochemical analysis reagent.