Biosensor Dual Inlet Electrode Segmentation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional biosensors face challenges in accurately measuring target materials from blood samples due to interference from various blood types and require larger sample volumes, making them less convenient and less efficient.
Innovation Solution
A biosensor design featuring first and second substrates with a sample guiding layer, multiple electrodes, and a mediator containing enzymes and electron transfer media, allowing for smaller sample usage and improved measurement accuracy by using a display device with specific connector pins to ensure correct insertion and operation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional electrochemical biosensors are used with traditional single-sample-inlet structure, then the measurement can be performed, but the sample volume required is large and the measurement is susceptible to interference from various blood types
Solution Approach 1:
The biosensor is divided into two separate sample inlets (first sample inlet and second sample inlet) positioned at opposite ends of the sensor. This segmentation allows independent sampling and measurement, enabling the use of smaller sample volumes while reducing interference from blood type variations by comparing measurements from both inlets
Solution Approach 2:
A mediator layer containing enzymes and electron transfer media is introduced as an intermediary between the sample and the electrodes. This mediator enables efficient electron transfer while minimizing the direct interaction between blood components and electrodes, thereby reducing interference from various blood types and improving measurement accuracy with smaller samples
2Ease of operation
If conventional biosensor design is used, then the structure is simple, but the convenience and speed of measurement are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The biosensor is designed with dual sample inlets and multiple electrodes that can perform multiple functions: measuring target materials from different samples, comparing measurements to reduce interference, and providing redundant measurement paths. This multi-functionality improves convenience and measurement speed while the modular structure keeps the overall design manageable
Solution Approach 2:
The first and second electrodes are positioned asymmetrically with respect to the sample inlets, with the first electrode near the first sample inlet and the second electrode near the second sample inlet. This asymmetric arrangement optimizes the measurement path for each inlet, improving measurement convenience and speed while maintaining a relatively simple structure
3Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional single-electrode configuration is used, then the device is simpler, but the ability to reduce interference from blood types is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The electrode system is segmented into multiple independent electrodes (first electrode, second electrode, third electrode) positioned at different locations. Each electrode can independently measure target materials from samples introduced through corresponding inlets, allowing comparison of measurements to identify and reduce interference from blood type variations
Solution Approach 2:
A mediator layer containing enzymes and electron transfer media is positioned between the samples and electrodes. This intermediary layer facilitates electron transfer while minimizing direct contact between blood components and electrode surfaces, thereby reducing interference from various blood types without requiring complex electrode configurations
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The biosensor enables accurate and convenient measurement of target materials from smaller blood samples, reducing interference from different blood types and allowing for multiple uses by incorporating a mediator with enzymes and electron transfer media, enhancing measurement precision and efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
the target material in the sample is oxidized by the catalytic action of an enzyme
Implementation Method 2
the target material in the sample is oxidized by the catalytic action of an enzyme
Implementation Method 3
an electron transfer medium is reduced. Here, the reduced oxygen or electron transfer medium is oxidized under compulsion by the voltage of the electrode to cause changes in electrons
Implementation Method 4
the reduced oxygen or electron transfer medium is oxidized under compulsion by the voltage of the electrode to cause changes in electrons
Data Source
AI summary
A biosensor that is capable of measuring a material contained in a sample is provided. The biosensor is configured to be inserted into a display device, and measures a material contained in the sample. The biosensor includes i) first and second substrates that are opposed to each other; ii) a sample guiding layer that has two sample injection openings and is located on the first substrate; iii) a first electrode that is located between the first substrate and the sample guiding layer; iv) a second electrode that is located between the second substrate and the sample guiding layer; v) a third electrode that is located between the sample guiding layer and the second substrate; and vi) a penetrated opening that penetrates the first substrate, the sample guiding layer, and the second substrate. The second electrode is spaced apart from the first electrode. The biosensor further includes i) a long edge, and ii) a short edge that shares a corner of the biosensor and neighbors the long edge. Each of the two sample injection openings is formed to correspond to the long edge and the short edge, respectively.