Biosensor Hct Measurement via Short Voltage Pulse
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for measuring hematocrit (Hct) corrected glucose values in biological samples are time-consuming, necessitating a more efficient approach to obtain accurate results quickly.
Innovation Solution
A biosensor method involving a capillary with electrode systems and a reagent part containing an enzyme and mediator, where voltage is applied for a short duration after sample introduction to obtain Hct and glucose values, allowing for rapid measurement and correction of glucose levels.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional Hct measurement methods are used (applying voltage for extended periods or multiple measurements), then measurement accuracy is improved, but measurement time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies a preliminary high voltage (1.5-3.0V) for a short duration (0.1-0.5 seconds) immediately after blood sample introduction to rapidly obtain Hct value. This preliminary action prepares the measurement conditions and obtains Hct data before the main glucose measurement, eliminating the need for separate extended Hct measurement procedures and achieving both accuracy and speed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs periodic voltage application with specific timing: first applying voltage to obtain Hct current value, then applying voltage again to obtain glucose current value. This periodic action allows sequential measurement of both parameters using the same electrode system, improving efficiency while maintaining measurement accuracy through structured measurement phases.
2Device complexity
If a single electrode system is used for both Hct and glucose measurement, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision may be compromised
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs a single electrode system that serves multiple functions: the same working electrode and counter electrode are used for both Hct measurement and glucose measurement. The electrode system is universally applicable to different measurement modes by controlling voltage application timing and magnitude, simplifying device structure while maintaining measurement precision through functional differentiation rather than structural duplication.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent differentiates between Hct measurement and glucose measurement by changing electrical parameters: applying different voltage magnitudes (1.5-3.0V for Hct, lower voltage for glucose), different voltage application durations (0.1-0.5 seconds for Hct, longer for glucose), and different measurement sequences. These parameter changes allow a single electrode system to perform multiple measurements with distinct requirements without cross-interference.
3Measurement precision
If high voltage is applied for extended periods to obtain accurate Hct values, then measurement precision is improved, but energy consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent rushes through the Hct measurement phase by applying high voltage (1.5-3.0V) for a very short duration (0.1-0.5 seconds) immediately after sample introduction. This skipping approach obtains the necessary Hct current value quickly before transitioning to glucose measurement, achieving accurate Hct data without sustained high energy consumption that would occur with extended high voltage application.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enables the rapid measurement of Hct and glucose values, improving measurement accuracy and reducing the time required for obtaining corrected glucose values.
Implementation Method 1
the components of the blood react with the oxidoreductase to cause an oxidation-reduction reaction, and thereby a current flows through the mediator
Implementation Method 2
The blood is drawn into the channel of the sensor by a capillary phenomenon to be introduced into the analysis section through the channel
Data Source
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AI summary
Provided is a method for measuring a component of a biological sample with a biosensor provided with: a capillary for introducing the biological sample; an electrode part including a first electrode system that includes a first working electrode and a first counter electrode in the capillary; and a reagent part disposed so as to be in contact with the electrode part, the reagent part containing an enzyme and a mediator, and the method including a step of starting voltage application for a duration longer than 0 second and up to 0.7 second to the first electrode system within 0 second to 0.5 second after detection of the introduction of the biological sample to obtain a hematocrit value based on a current value obtained thereby.