Biosensor Light Source Segmentation for Reaction Timing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Optical biosensor measurement devices face challenges in accurately determining the initial time point of an antigen-antibody reaction, leading to measurement errors due to limitations in wavelength variation and power control, which affects the precise detection of antigen concentration.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a measurement device that includes a wavelength-tunable light source, an additional light source with variable power, and an optical power measurer, along with a signal processing unit, to detect the initial reaction time by combining and regulating light sources and using optical filters to enhance measurement accuracy.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a single wavelength light source is used for biosensor measurement, then the device structure is simple, but the measurement precision of initial reaction time is insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The light source system is segmented into two independent sources: a wavelength-tunable light source for spectral analysis and a fixed-wavelength light source for initial reaction time detection. This segmentation allows each source to be optimized for its specific function, improving measurement precision without requiring the entire system to be complex
Solution Approach 2:
Two different light source systems are merged into a single measurement device, combining the advantages of wavelength-tunable sources (for spectral information) and fixed-wavelength sources (for precise timing). The merging enables simultaneous acquisition of both spectral data and accurate initial reaction time information
2Measurement precision
If wavelength-tunable light source is used alone, then spectral information can be obtained, but the detection sensitivity for initial reaction time is limited
Solution Approach 1:
A fixed-wavelength light source acts as an intermediary specifically for detecting the initial reaction time, while the wavelength-tunable light source serves as another intermediary for obtaining spectral information. Both intermediaries work together to provide comprehensive measurement data with improved reliability and precision
3Measurement precision
If additional light source and signal processing unit are added, then measurement accuracy improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The signal processing unit is designed to handle multiple types of optical signals simultaneously - it processes both the spectral information from the wavelength-tunable light source and the timing information from the fixed-wavelength light source. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate processing circuits, mitigating the increase in device complexity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration allows for precise detection of the initial reaction time and accurate measurement of antigen concentration by reducing measurement errors and improving the sensitivity of the biosensor's response to antigen-antibody interactions.
Implementation Method 1
measuring transmittance and reflectance of a biosensor before an antigen-antibody reaction and transmittance and reflectance of the biosensor after the antigen-antibody reaction
Implementation Method 2
measuring transmittance and reflectance of a biosensor before an antigen-antibody reaction and transmittance and reflectance of the biosensor after the antigen-antibody reaction
Implementation Method 3
the additional light source may have optical power varied with time
Implementation Method 4
a coupler combining the wavelength-tunable light source and the additional light source and irradiating the combined input light on the sensor
Implementation Method 5
an optical power measurer detecting the reaction of the sensor from an output light transmitted through or reflected by the sensor
Implementation Method 6
a beam splitter dividing output light transmitted through or reflected by the sensor into two branches
Implementation Method 7
the optical power measurer may include an optical filter outputting a wavelength band according to the reaction in the other branched output light
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a measurement device. The measurement device includes a sensor, a wavelength-tunable light source, an additional light source, a coupler, and an optical power measurer. The sensor accepts a sample. The wavelength-tunable light source irradiates wavelength-tunable light to detect a reaction of the sensor. The additional light source irradiates wavelength-fixed light to detect an initial time of the reaction. The coupler combines the wavelength-tunable light source and the additional light source and irradiates the combined input light on the sensor. The optical power measurer detects the reaction of the sensor from an output light transmitted through or reflected by the sensor.