Biosensor Antigen Detection Using Multi-Frequency Impedance
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current biosensor devices lack the sensitivity to accurately detect antigens, such as amyloid beta, present in low concentrations, which is crucial for early diagnosis and therapy of diseases like Alzheimer's.
Innovation Solution
A method using a biosensor device that measures impedance at multiple frequencies to detect antigens by loading antibodies into micro-wells with working and counter electrodes, performing antigen-antibody reactions, and calculating impedance changes to enhance sensitivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If single frequency impedance measurement is used, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies parameter changes by measuring impedance at multiple frequencies (first frequency and second frequency) rather than a single frequency. This allows the system to detect antigens with high sensitivity by analyzing frequency-dependent impedance variations, resolving the contradiction between measurement precision and device complexity through intelligent use of existing hardware capabilities.
2Measurement precision
If multiple frequencies are used for impedance measurement, then antigen detection sensitivity is improved, but measurement time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements periodic action by sequentially measuring impedance at different frequencies in a structured sequence. The system measures impedance at a first frequency, then at a second frequency, and uses these periodic measurements to calculate antigen concentration. This approach achieves high detection sensitivity while managing measurement time through efficient sequential operation.
3Measurement precision
If normalization calculation is performed, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces complex physical measurement systems with computational processing. Instead of using complex hardware to directly measure antigen concentration, the system uses normalization calculations and mathematical processing of impedance data from multiple frequencies. This substitution of mechanical/physical complexity with computational simplicity achieves high measurement precision while keeping the overall system manageable.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach allows for precise measurement of antigen concentration with high sensitivity, enabling detection of low-concentration antigens like amyloid beta, improving diagnostic capabilities.
Implementation Method 1
measuring an impedance of the antibody with respect to each of a first frequency and a second frequency; measuring an impedance of antigen-antibody linked by the antigen-antibody reaction using each of the first frequency and the second frequency
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a method by which a biosensor device detects an antigen by using multiple frequencies, the method enabling an antigen to be detected with high sensitivity. The method by which a biosensor device detects an antigen by using multiple frequencies includes: loading an antibody in the biosensor device including a micro-well that has an action electrode and a counterpart electrode disposed therein; measuring the impedance of the antibody for each of a first frequency and a second frequency; performing an antigen-antibody reaction by injecting an antigen into the biosensor device; using the first frequency and the second frequency to measure the impedances of each of the antigen and the antibody that are bound by means of the antigen-antibody reaction; and calculating changes in impedance that result from the antigen-antibody reaction from the impedances of the antigen and the antibody for the first frequency and the impedances of the antigen and the antibody for the second frequency.