Wireless Biosensor Resonant Circuit Segmentation for Power Transfer
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Solution Overview
Problem
Wirelessly powered biosensors face inefficiencies in power transfer due to the transient phase caused by short circuiting the resonant circuit during data transmission, leading to reduced energy delivery and inconsistent power availability.
Innovation Solution
A method and apparatus that allow data transfer without short circuiting the resonant circuit, using a series of measurement and transmission phases, where energy is received and stored during measurement phases and used during transmission phases, with a control signal triggering the discharge of voltage and switching capacitors to maintain resonant frequency, ensuring continuous energy supply.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Loss of information
If the resonant circuit of the secondary circuit is short circuited during data transmission, then data can be transferred from the secondary circuit to the primary circuit, but the secondary circuit is unable to receive energy from the primary circuit and experiences a transient phase that reduces power transfer efficiency
Solution Approach 1:
The operation cycle is segmented into distinct measurement phases and transmission phases. During measurement phases, the resonant circuit is configured to receive energy from the primary circuit. During transmission phases, the resonant circuit is reconfigured to enable data transfer while maintaining energy reception capability through capacitor switching that prevents complete short circuiting of the resonant inductor.
Solution Approach 2:
The resonant circuit configuration is dynamically changed between measurement and transmission modes. Capacitors are switchably connected in parallel with the resonant inductor during transmission phases, dynamically adjusting the circuit impedance to enable data transfer while preventing the complete short circuit that would eliminate energy reception and cause transient phases.
2Loss of information
If the resonant circuit is short circuited for data transmission, then data transfer is enabled, but the voltage across the resonant circuit drops to zero and gradually increases during transient phase, reducing energy delivery
Solution Approach 1:
Capacitors are pre-charged during measurement phases before transmission phases begin. This preliminary energy storage in the capacitors ensures that when transmission mode is activated, the resonant circuit can be reconfigured for data transfer without complete voltage collapse, as the stored capacitor energy maintains the resonant relationship and enables immediate energy delivery during transmission.
Solution Approach 2:
The impedance parameters of the resonant circuit are changed during transmission phases by switchably connecting capacitors in parallel with the resonant inductor. This parameter change enables data transfer by modifying the resonant frequency and impedance characteristics, while simultaneously preventing the voltage from dropping to zero by maintaining a controlled resonant state that continues to receive and transfer energy from the primary circuit.
3Reliability
If data transfer occurs frequently, then real-time monitoring is improved, but the transient phase negatively impacts power transfer for a greater percentage of clock cycles
Solution Approach 1:
The useful action of energy transfer is made continuous across both measurement and transmission phases. By preventing complete short circuiting of the resonant circuit during transmission and using capacitor switching to maintain resonant conditions, energy reception from the primary circuit continues uninterrupted, eliminating the transient phase and ensuring continuous power availability even with frequent data transmission cycles.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach ensures more consistent and efficient power transfer and reliable data transmission, improving the operational efficiency and accuracy of parameter estimation in biosensors.
Implementation Method 1
The primary and secondary circuits may be inductively coupled such that the primary circuit can wirelessly provide power to the secondary circuit
Implementation Method 2
The resonant circuit includes an inductor configured to be inductively coupled to the primary circuit and a first capacitor disposed in parallel with the inductor
Implementation Method 3
The resonant circuit of the secondary circuit is also generally disposed in parallel with a rectifier for converting the alternating current (AC) waveform provided by the inductive coupling to the primary circuit to direct current (DC)
Data Source
AI summary
A method and apparatus are provided to facilitate the estimation of a measured parameter. In the context of a method, a series of measurement and transmission phases are conducted. During the measurement phase, the method includes receiving an input based on a measured parameter and comparing a voltage that is based on the input that is received over time to a threshold. The method also includes triggering the transmission phase in which a control signal is provided to facilitate discharge of the voltage in response to satisfaction of the threshold. The method further includes evaluating the transmission phases to determine an estimate of the input that is based on the measured parameter. A corresponding apparatus is also provided.