Biosensor Analyte Measurement Using Voltage Waveform Turning Points
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Solution Overview
Problem
Analyte measurement systems, such as those used for blood glucose detection, face inaccuracies due to interferents like uric acid, which can lead to incorrect dosages in medical treatments, highlighting the need for improved methods to account for physical characteristics and correct measurements in the presence of such interferents.
Innovation Solution
A method involving a biosensor with an electrochemical cell and a predetermined voltage waveform applied during specific time intervals to measure current values, with a turning point time used to calculate analyte concentration using equations that account for interferents, ensuring accurate glucose measurements.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional electrochemical methods are used for analyte detection, then the measurement process is simple and quick, but the measurement accuracy deteriorates due to interferents like uric acid
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the measurement process into multiple distinct steps: applying voltage waveform during first time interval to obtain first current value, applying voltage waveform during second time interval to obtain second current value, and using both values in calculation. This segmentation allows separate measurement of analyte signal and interferent signal, improving accuracy by isolating the analyte response from uric acid interference
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces an intermediary calculation step that uses both the first current value (containing both analyte and interferent signals) and the second current value (primarily interferent signal) to compute the analyte concentration. This intermediary processing step acts as a mediator that separates the analyte signal from the interferent signal mathematically, enabling accurate measurement despite the presence of uric acid
2Measurement precision
If correction for interferents is implemented, then measurement accuracy improves, but the calculation complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary measurement of the interferent signal by applying the voltage waveform during the second time interval before calculating the final analyte concentration. This preliminary action captures the interferent response (uric acid) separately, allowing it to be subtracted or accounted for in the final calculation, thereby improving accuracy without requiring complex real-time correction algorithms
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the voltage waveform parameters and measurement time intervals to optimize the separation of analyte and interferent signals. By carefully selecting the voltage magnitude and application timing, the method enhances the differential response between glucose (analyte) and uric acid (interferent), improving measurement accuracy through parameter optimization rather than complex computational correction
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances the accuracy of analyte concentration measurements by effectively correcting for interferents, reducing the risk of incorrect medical dosages and improving patient health outcomes.
Implementation Method 1
The analyte is allowed to react with a redox reagent to form an oxidizable (or reducible) substance in an amount corresponding to the analyte concentration. The quantity of the oxidizable (or reducible) substance present is then estimated electrochemically
Data Source
AI summary
A method for determining a concentration of an analyte in a fluidic sample is described. A sample is applied to a biosensor including an electrochemical cell having electrodes. A predetermined voltage waveform is applied during at least first and second time intervals. At least first and second current values are measured during the first and second time intervals, respectively. A turning point time is determined during the first time interval at which the measured first current values transition from a first to a second profile. The concentration of analyte in the sample is calculated based on determined turning point time and at least one measured current value. In another example, a physical characteristic of the sample is estimated based on measured current values. The concentration is calculated using a first or second model if the estimated physical characteristic of the sample is in a first or second range, respectively.