Biosignal Amplifier Switching for Low-Power Noise Reduction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current biosignal amplifying circuits face challenges in efficiently managing power consumption and noise reduction while maintaining high-quality signal amplification for biosignals like ECG and brainwaves, particularly in varying operating modes.
Innovation Solution
The biosignal apparatus incorporates a switchable amplifier configuration that alternates between operating and low power states based on a control signal, utilizing transistors with reconfigurable width and length to optimize power consumption and includes a chopper stabilization method with dynamic current source control and sample and hold circuits to reduce noise and DC offset.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the amplifier operates continuously in high-performance mode, then signal amplification quality is maintained, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The amplifier alternates between active and low-power states using periodic chopping signals. The chopper stabilization circuit switches the amplifier between these states based on the periodic control signal, enabling power savings while maintaining signal integrity through synchronized sampling.
Solution Approach 2:
The amplifier dynamically switches between different operating states (active and low-power) based on control signals. The transistors' width and length are reconfigurable, allowing the amplifier to adapt its performance characteristics and power consumption levels dynamically rather than operating in a fixed state.
2Use of energy by moving object
If transistors are reconfigured to reduce power consumption, then energy efficiency improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The switching circuit serves multiple functions: it controls power consumption, adjusts transistor dimensions (width and length), and manages the amplifier's operating states. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate control mechanisms, thereby limiting the increase in overall device complexity.
3Use of energy by moving object
If the amplifier switches between operating states, then power consumption is reduced, but signal continuity may be affected
Solution Approach 1:
The sampling circuit provides feedback by capturing the amplifier's output signal during active states and maintaining it during low-power states. This feedback mechanism ensures signal continuity despite the amplifier switching between operating states, as the sampled signal preserves the information from when the amplifier was active.
4Reliability
If chopper stabilization is used to reduce noise, then signal quality improves, but power consumption increases
Solution Approach 1:
The chopper stabilization circuit uses periodic chopping signals to modulate the amplifier's operation. By switching the amplifier between active and low-power states periodically, the circuit achieves noise reduction through stabilization while minimizing power consumption during the low-power intervals.
Data Source
AI summary
A biosignal apparatus is described including an amplifier and a sampler. The amplifier is configured to alternate between an operating state and a low power state based on a periodically changing control signal. The sampler is configured to sample a signal output from the amplifier in response to the amplifier being in the operating state and maintain the sampled signal in response to the amplifier being in the low power state.