BiPAP Tidal Volume Control via Gas Parameter Feedback
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional systems for altering respiration to reduce hypertension and related conditions primarily focus on adjusting inhalation and exhalation timing and duration, rather than gas parameters, failing to effectively increase tidal volume.
Innovation Solution
A system that delivers pressurized breathable gas in BiPAP mode with adjustable pressure, flow rate, and volume, using sensors and a processor to provide breathing cues that encourage a self-ventilating subject to maintain a tidal volume greater than or equal to a target, by adjusting these parameters based on real-time gas parameter feedback.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Quantity of substance
If conventional systems adjust only timing and duration of inhalation and exhalation, then the breathing pattern is modified, but the tidal volume is not effectively increased
Solution Approach 1:
The system changes physical parameters of the breathable gas (pressure, flow rate, volume) to directly influence tidal volume. By adjusting these gas parameters in response to detected breathing patterns, the system effectively increases tidal volume without requiring complex mechanical modifications to the subject's anatomy or breathing mechanics.
Solution Approach 2:
The system incorporates sensors that detect gas parameters (flow, pressure, volume) and feed this information back to a controller. The controller uses this feedback to dynamically adjust the breathable gas parameters, creating a closed-loop system that maintains target tidal volume while adapting to the subject's changing breathing needs.
2Quantity of substance
If the system provides breathing cues through pressurized gas flow, then tidal volume increases, but the device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The breathable gas delivery system serves multiple functions: it provides the primary breathing support, delivers therapeutic cues to modify tidal volume, and acts as the medium for sensing gas parameters. This multi-functionality reduces the need for separate dedicated components for each function, thereby managing device complexity while achieving tidal volume increase.
Solution Approach 2:
The system merges the breathing support function with the tidal volume modulation function by using the same pressurized gas flow for both purposes. The sensing, control, and actuation are integrated into a unified system that manages gas delivery and tidal volume adjustment through coordinated parameter changes rather than separate independent subsystems.
3Measurement precision
If real-time sensor feedback is used to adjust gas parameters, then tidal volume control precision improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
Sensors continuously monitor gas parameters (flow rate, pressure, volume) and provide real-time feedback to the controller. This feedback loop enables precise determination of actual tidal volume and allows the system to make dynamic adjustments to maintain target tidal volume, significantly improving measurement and control precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The system replaces complex mechanical tidal volume measurement devices with electronic sensors that measure gas parameters (flow, pressure, volume) and compute tidal volume algorithmically. This substitution reduces mechanical complexity while improving measurement precision through electronic sensing and digital processing.
Data Source
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AI summary
A system and method are configured to adjust the tidal volume of the breathing of a subject. The subject is self-ventilating (breathes under her own power). The adjustment of tidal volume accomplished through use of the system and/or method may reduce hypertension (e.g., lower blood pressure), reduce stress and/or anxiety (and related maladies), improve relaxation, decrease sleep latency, improve sleep quality, address other sleep disorders, and/or provide other health benefits. The system and method are effective in adjusting tidal volume while the subject is awake and/or asleep.