Bipolar Electrochromic Composition for High Transparency and Deep Color
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current electrochromic materials face challenges in achieving high transparency at normal times and a high shielding effect after an electrochromic reaction, with inorganic oxides having slow electrochromic rates and limited color variation, while organic materials require high energy to become transparent and have limited color depth.
Innovation Solution
A bipolar electrochromic composition is developed using a transparent oxidizable organic polymer and a reducible organic small molecule, which maintains high transparency in its neutral state and can achieve a deep color or true black state with reduced driving voltage through complementary color effects.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If inorganic oxide materials are used for electrochromic applications, then the material provides stable electrochromic performance, but the electrochromic rate is slow and color variation is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses a composite system combining oxidizable polymer (providing stability) and reducible organic compound (providing fast response and color variation). This composite approach allows the system to achieve both stable electrochromic performance and fast electrochromic rate simultaneously, resolving the contradiction between reliability and speed.
2Illumination intensity
If organic materials are used to achieve high transparency, then the material becomes transparent, but high energy is required and color depth is limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical parameters by using a bipolar system where the oxidizable polymer and reducible organic compound work synergistically. This allows the system to achieve high transparency and deep color states with lower driving voltage, reducing energy consumption while maintaining optimal transparency.
3Reliability
If triarylamine derivatives are used in electrochromic applications, then the material provides good electron hole conductive properties, but the material cannot appear as truly black
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines triarylamine-based oxidizable polymer with reducible organic compound to create a composite electrochromic system. The polymer provides excellent electron hole conductivity while the reducible organic compound contributes to deep color formation, achieving both good conductive properties and true black appearance simultaneously.
4Device complexity
If a single electrochromic material is used, then the system structure is simple, but the color depth and optical contrast are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges two electrochromic components (oxidizable polymer and reducible organic compound) into a unified electrochromic composition. This combination enables complementary color effects that enhance optical contrast and achieve true black state, while maintaining relatively simple device structure through single-cell configuration.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables a lower driving voltage, improved electrochemical stability, and enhanced color-changing performance, allowing the electrochromic composition to switch from transparent to deep colors like gray, dark green, dark blue, or black, and back to transparent quickly, with improved optical contrast and energy efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
electrochromic composition includes 0.5 ̃10 parts by weight of a first oxidizable polymer, 0.5 ̃10 parts by weight of a reducible organic compound
Implementation Method 2
a bipolar electrochromic composition is developed using a transparent oxidizable organic polymer and a reducible organic small molecule, which maintains high transparency in its neutral state and can achieve a deep color or true black state
Data Source
AI summary
An electrochromic composition is provided. The electrochromic composition includes 0.5˜10 parts by weight of a first oxidizable polymer, 0.5˜10 parts by weight of a reducible organic compound, 0.5˜20 parts by weight of an electrolyte, and 60˜98.5 parts by weight of a solvent. The first oxidizable polymer is a polymer of 1 molar part of diamine and 0.1˜20 molar parts of dicarboxylic acid, diacyl chloride, or dianhydride, a mixture of the aforementioned polymers, or a copolymer of the aforementioned polymers. An electrochromic element including the aforementioned electrochromic composition is also provided.