Arithmetic Bitstream Segmentation for Parallel Decoder Resume

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing arithmetic decoding processes, such as context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC), are highly sequential and cannot be easily parallelized, limiting decoding speed.

Innovation Solution

An encoding and decoding concept that allows for parallel decoding by providing entry point information in the bitstream, enabling multiple decoders to process different parts of the bitstream simultaneously, and includes an arithmetic encoder and decoder that renormalize internal parameters and use subintervals based on probability estimates to resume decoding from a predetermined point.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Speed

If arithmetic decoding is performed using conventional sequential methods (CABAC), then decoding accuracy is maintained, but decoding speed is limited due to the highly sequential nature of the process

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvedecoding speedVSAvoidcoding procedure complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

SpeedVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The bitstream is divided into multiple independent segments, each with its own entry point information. Multiple decoders can simultaneously process different segments in parallel, transforming the originally sequential decoding process into a parallel one, thereby significantly improving decoding speed while maintaining acceptable complexity levels

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Entry point information is pre-calculated and embedded in the bitstream during the encoding phase. This preliminary action allows decoders to directly jump to specific positions in the bitstream without processing preceding data, enabling parallel decoding to start immediately at multiple entry points and thus increasing decoding speed

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

2Loss of time

If the bitstream is processed sequentially from the beginning, then complete decoding accuracy is achieved, but processing time increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveprocessing timeVSAvoiddecoding accuracy

Core Design Contradiction:

Loss of timeVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The bitstream is segmented into multiple parts with designated entry points. Multiple decoders can simultaneously process different segments in parallel, dramatically reducing total processing time. Each decoder maintains independent state management for its assigned segment, ensuring decoding accuracy is preserved despite the parallel processing approach

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

Entry point information acts as an intermediary that enables decoders to directly access specific positions in the bitstream. This intermediary mechanism allows parallel decoders to skip unnecessary sequential processing steps while maintaining the integrity and accuracy of the decoding process through proper state initialization at each entry point

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentUS20250357948A1Arithmetic encoder for arithmetically encoding and arithmetic decoder for arithmetically decoding a sequence of information values, methods for arithmetically encoding and decoding a sequence of information values and computer program for implementing these methods

Publication Date: 2025.11.20 FRAUNHOFER GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG EV

AI summary

An encoding scheme is provided for arithmetically encoding a sequence of information values into an arithmetic coded bitstream by providing the bitstream with entry point information, allowing for resuming arithmetic decoding of the bitstream from a predetermined entry point onward. A respective decoding scheme is also provided. These encoding and decoding schemes provide more efficient encoding in view of the decoding speed.