Black Matrix Planarization for Uniform Display Light Transmission
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing display apparatuses face issues with variations in line widths of opening holes of the black matrix, leading to inconsistent light transmission across the display area, which affects image quality.
Innovation Solution
A display apparatus design featuring a substrate with a display area and non-display area, including pixel driving circuits, light-emitting elements, an optical layer, a black matrix, and a planarization layer, which helps maintain consistent line widths and reduce light transmission variations.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of manufacture
If a black matrix is disposed directly on the optical layer without a planarization layer, then the manufacturing process is simpler, but the line widths of opening holes vary due to steps from lower structures
Solution Approach 1:
A planarization layer is introduced as an intermediary component between the optical layer and the black matrix. This planarization layer fills in the steps and irregularities from lower structures (such as pixel driving circuits and light-emitting elements), creating a flat surface that enables the black matrix to be formed with consistent line widths across the entire display area, thereby resolving the contradiction between manufacturing simplicity and precision.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the black matrix opening holes have varying line widths, then the structure can accommodate underlying components, but light transmission becomes inconsistent across the display area
Solution Approach 1:
The planarization layer provides localized compensation for underlying structural variations. By filling steps and irregularities at specific locations where pixel driving circuits and light-emitting elements create height differences, the planarization layer ensures that the black matrix opening holes maintain uniform line widths across different regions of the display area, thereby achieving consistent light transmission while still accommodating the underlying components.
3Productivity
If lower structures (pixel driving circuits, light-emitting elements) are formed first, then the display functionality is established, but steps and irregularities cause black matrix line width variations
Solution Approach 1:
The planarization layer is formed as a preliminary action before depositing the black matrix. This preliminary planarization step prepares the surface by filling in the steps and irregularities created by previously formed lower structures (pixel driving circuits and light-emitting elements), thereby ensuring that subsequent black matrix formation achieves uniform line widths without requiring rework or adjustment of the underlying functional structures.
Data Source
AI summary
A display apparatus can include a substrate having a display area and a non-display area outside the display area, a plurality of pixel driving circuits disposed on the substrate and in the display area, a plurality of light-emitting elements disposed on the pixel driving circuits and electrically connected to the pixel driving circuits, respectively, at least one optical layer covering the plurality of light-emitting elements, a black matrix disposed on the optical layer, and a planarization layer disposed between the optical layer and the black matrix.