Black Reactive Dye Composition for Chromium-Free Wool Dyeing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current black reactive dyes for wool textiles lack high fixation yield, color fastness, and environmental friendliness, particularly for cashmere, requiring heavy metals like Cr6+ that are environmentally harmful and difficult to manage in wastewater treatment.
Innovation Solution
Development of a new black reactive dye formula represented by specific chemical structures, synthesized through a multi-step process involving diazonium salt preparations and couplings, which eliminates the need for heavy metals by forming covalent bonds with fiber, ensuring high fixation yield and color fastness.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If acid mordant black PV is used for black dyeing of woolen textiles, then color fastness and fixation yield are high, but heavy metal Cr6+ must be added which causes environmental pollution and difficult wastewater treatment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent removes the harmful Cr6+ component from the dyeing system while retaining the desired color fastness and fixation yield properties through a chromium-free reactive dye formulation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful chromium-based mordant system into a beneficial chromium-free reactive dye system that achieves equal or superior performance while eliminating environmental pollution
2Ease of manufacture
If acid dyes are used for staining woolen textiles, then the dyeing process is simple, but color fastness is mediocre and damage to wool fiber occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical bonding mechanism from physical adsorption (acid dyes) to covalent bonding (reactive dyes), transforming the dyeing process to achieve both simplicity and superior color fastness
3Object-affected harmful factors
If existing reactive black dyes are used as substitutes for acid mordant black PV, then heavy metal usage is reduced, but blackening and fixation yield cannot reach the same level
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite reactive dye molecule combining multiple functional groups (azo chromophores, reactive halogenated acetyl groups, sulfonic acid groups) to achieve both environmental friendliness and superior performance in blackening and fixation yield
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The new black reactive dyes meet the stringent requirements of the wool textile industry, offering equal or superior performance to acid mordant black PV without using heavy metals, thus being environmentally friendly and effectively addressing wastewater management issues.
Implementation Method 1
forming covalent bonds with fiber, ensuring high fixation yield and color fastness
Implementation Method 2
synthesized through a multi-step process involving diazonium salt preparations and couplings
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to black active dyes and the preparation of the same, and 2,4-biaminobenzene sulfonic acid sodium, H acid, 2,3-bibromopropionyl chloride and dinitroaniline are used as the prime starting materials. Through the process of condensation reaction, diazo-reaction, coupling reaction and post treatment. When adding appropriate of red compositions or orange compositons, hight jet black active black product can be obtained, when using it can stain without adding any heave metals as the addtivites, it can replace the acid mordant black PV used for staining the cashmere and other worsted fabric, it also can be used for staining the fiber, such as cotton, silk, polyamide and so on. The method avoid the product of printing and dyeing wastewater containing heavy metal Cr6+, and promote technological progress of printing and dyeing fields.