32-Gene Bladder Cancer Detection via Simplified RNA Extraction
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for bladder cancer detection using urine samples are invasive, time-consuming, and prone to RNA loss and contamination, with low success rates due to complex extraction processes and the need for pre-amplification, which complicates clinical application.
Innovation Solution
A set of 32 genes (CA9, CDK1, CTSE, DMBT1, ERBB2, HOXA13, IGF2, CXCR2, MAGEA3, MDK, MMP1, MMP12, RBP2, CCL18, SNAI2, VEGFA, MFAP5, SGK2, WFDC2, POSTN, NPFFR2, ANXA10, CTAG2, ZDHHC2, KRT20, PPP1R14D, FGD3, AHNAK2, SEMA3D, ZNF707, LOC100652931, and LINC00565) is used, combined with a purification column extraction method and statistical analysis, to simplify RNA extraction and detection, reducing contamination risks and shortening the detection time.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If traditional RNA extraction methods are used from urine samples, then RNA can be obtained, but the process is complex, time-consuming, and results in RNA loss and contamination
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and isolates the essential function of RNA extraction from the complex traditional protocol by developing a simplified column-based extraction system that directly processes urine samples, eliminating unnecessary steps while maintaining RNA quality and yield
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the extraction parameters by using specific column chemistry and elution conditions that optimize RNA recovery from urine samples, transforming the extraction process from a multi-step complex procedure to a streamlined protocol with improved reliability
2Measurement precision
If pre-amplification is performed to detect low-abundance transcripts, then detection sensitivity improves, but the process becomes more complex and contamination risks increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary enrichment of target RNA transcripts during the extraction phase using the purification column, which pre-concentrates the RNA before detection. This preliminary action reduces the need for subsequent pre-amplification steps while maintaining detection sensitivity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses the purification column to create a concentrated copy/enriched representation of the RNA population present in the urine sample, focusing on capturing the relevant transcripts of interest in a form that is optimized for direct detection without requiring additional amplification steps
3Quantity of substance
If comprehensive RNA extraction protocols are used, then RNA yield can be maximized, but the detection time increases and success rate decreases due to multiple steps
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple extraction steps into a single column-based operation that simultaneously achieves RNA isolation, purification, and concentration. This consolidation maintains high RNA yield while dramatically reducing the time and complexity of the extraction process
Solution Approach 2:
The purification column acts as an intermediary device that facilitates efficient RNA transfer from the urine sample directly to the elution buffer, enabling high-yield RNA recovery in a single step without requiring multiple manual transfer operations that increase time and contamination risk
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a set of genes for bladder cancer detection and their use. The set of genes includes the following 32 genes: CA9 gene, CDK1 gene, CTSE gene, DMBT1 gene, ERBB2 gene, HOXA13 gene, IGF2 gene, CXCR2 gene, MAGEA3 gene, MDK gene, MMP1 gene, MMP12 gene, RBP2 gene, CCL18 gene, SNAI2 gene, VEGFA gene, MFAP5 gene, SGK2 gene, WFDC2 gene, POSTN gene, NPFFR2 gene, ANXA10 gene, CTAG2 gene, ZDHHC2 gene, KRT20 gene, PPP1R14D gene, FGD3 gene, AHNAK2 gene, SEMA3D gene, ZNF707 gene, LOC100652931 gene, and LINC00565 gene. After clinical validation, the kit provided by the present invention is used to detect bladder cancer with a high accuracy rate and objective interpretation of results. Meanwhile, as a non-invasive detection, the compliance of patients is greatly improved comparing with the existing cystoscopy, which has an important clinical significance for the early detection and postoperative monitoring of bladder cancer.