Bladder Cancer Diagnostic Chip Using Methylated Gene Probes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current diagnostic methods for bladder cancer are invasive, have low accuracy, and struggle to detect the disease at an early stage, necessitating a more efficient diagnostic method that can detect bladder cancer-specific biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity.
Innovation Solution
A kit and nucleic acid chip that utilize methylated promoter or exon regions of bladder cancer marker genes, such as CDX2, CYP1B1, and others, to detect methylation in clinical samples using probes that hybridize with CpG islands, enabling the measurement of methylation levels for early diagnosis.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional diagnostic methods (urine abnormal cell detection, cystoscopy) are used, then diagnosis can be performed, but accuracy is low or the method is invasive
Solution Approach 1:
The invention extracts and detects specific methylated DNA sequences (CpG islands) from bladder cancer marker genes from urine samples. By isolating and amplifying only the methylated portions of DNA using methylation-specific PCR with bisulfite treatment, the method achieves high diagnostic accuracy without requiring invasive tissue sampling, thus resolving the contradiction between accuracy and invasiveness
Solution Approach 2:
The invention uses methylation-specific PCR primers and probes as intermediaries to detect bladder cancer. These molecular tools specifically bind to methylated DNA sequences, enabling indirect detection of cancer cells through their epigenetic markers in urine, thereby achieving high accuracy without direct tissue contact
2Measurement precision
If conventional diagnostic methods are used, then diagnosis can be performed, but early stage detection is difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The invention detects methylation patterns that occur early in cancer development, before morphological changes are visible. By targeting epigenetic modifications (DNA methylation) that precede tumor formation, the method enables preliminary detection of bladder cancer at very early stages, improving both early detection capability and diagnostic reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The invention detects changes in DNA methylation parameters (hypermethylation of CpG islands in promoter regions) rather than relying on traditional morphological parameters. This parameter shift allows detection of molecular changes that occur before structural changes, enabling reliable early stage diagnosis
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution allows for accurate and early detection of bladder cancer by identifying methylated genes in urine samples, improving diagnostic efficiency and specificity, and enabling the monitoring of cancer progression.
Implementation Method 1
a nucleic acid chip for diagnosing bladder cancer, which comprises a probe capable of hybridizing with a fragment containing the CpG island of the promoter or exon region of a bladder cancer marker gene
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to a kit and nucleic acid chip for diagnosing bladder cancer using a bladder cancer-specific marker gene. More particularly, the invention relates to a kit and nucleic acid chip for diagnosing bladder cancer, which can detect the promoter methylation of a bladder cancer-specific gene, the promoter or exon region of which is methylated specifically in transformed cells of bladder cancer. The use of the diagnostic kit or nucleic acid chip of the invention enables diagnosis of bladder cancer at an early stage of transformation, thus enabling early diagnosis of bladder cancer, and can diagnose bladder cancer in a more accurate and rapid manner compared to a conventional method.