Nucleic Acid Chip for Bladder Cancer Methylation Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current diagnostic methods for bladder cancer are invasive, have low accuracy, and struggle to detect the disease at an early stage, necessitating a more efficient diagnostic method that can accurately identify bladder cancer-specific biomarkers for early detection.

Innovation Solution

A kit and nucleic acid chip that detect the methylation of bladder cancer-specific marker genes, specifically targeting the methylated promoter or exon regions of genes like CDX2, CYP1B1, VSX1, HOXA11, T, TBX5, PENK, PAQR9, LHX2, and SIM2, using probes that hybridize with CpG islands to measure methylation levels in clinical samples.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If conventional diagnostic methods (urine cell examination, cystoscopy) are used, then bladder cancer can be detected, but the accuracy is low and the methods are invasive

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvediagnostic accuracyVSAvoidinvasiveness

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSEase of operation

Solution Approach 1:

The invention extracts and detects specific methylation markers (hyper-methylated genes) from urine samples to diagnose bladder cancer. By focusing on extracting and analyzing only the relevant methylation markers rather than examining all cells or using invasive procedures, the method achieves high diagnostic accuracy while remaining non-invasive.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention uses methylation markers as intermediary biomarkers that can be detected in urine to indirectly indicate the presence of bladder cancer. These markers serve as mediators between the disease state and the diagnostic test, allowing accurate detection without direct invasion of the bladder.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Measurement precision

If invasive diagnostic methods are used, then diagnostic accuracy improves, but patient discomfort and procedural complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveearly detection capabilityVSAvoidprocedural complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention replaces mechanical/invasive diagnostic procedures (cystoscopy, biopsy) with a molecular biology-based detection system. By using PCR and other molecular techniques to detect methylation markers in urine, the method achieves early detection capability without the complexity of invasive procedures.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Reliability

If current diagnostic methods are used, then some bladder cancers can be detected, but early stage detection is particularly difficult

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveearly stage detection accuracyVSAvoidsensitivity to early lesions

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The invention focuses on detecting specific local changes (hyper-methylation of specific genes) rather than attempting to detect all possible indicators of bladder cancer. By targeting specific methylation markers that are altered early in carcinogenesis, the method achieves high sensitivity for early stage detection.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The invention detects changes in the methylation state of specific genes as a parameter change that occurs early in bladder cancer development. By monitoring these epigenetic parameter changes rather than relying on morphological changes that occur later, the method achieves superior early detection capability.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables accurate and early diagnosis of bladder cancer by identifying methylation biomarkers in urine samples, improving detection sensitivity and specificity, and facilitating the identification of bladder cancer at various stages, including early stages of transformation.

Implementation Method 1

a nucleic acid chip for diagnosing bladder cancer, which comprises a probe capable of hybridizing with a fragment containing the CpG island of the promoter or exon region of a bladder cancer marker gene

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectDNA hybridization:

Data Source

PatentUS9670551B2Diagnosis kit and chip for bladder cancer using bladder cancer specific methylation marker gene

Publication Date: 2017.06.06 GENOMICTREE

AI summary

The present invention relates to a kit and nucleic acid chip for diagnosing bladder cancer using a bladder cancer-specific marker gene. More particularly, the invention relates to a kit and nucleic acid chip for diagnosing bladder cancer, which can detect the promoter methylation of a bladder cancer-specific gene, the promoter or exon region of which is methylated specifically in transformed cells of bladder cancer. The use of the diagnostic kit or nucleic acid chip of the invention enables diagnosis of bladder cancer at an early stage of transformation, thus enabling early diagnosis of bladder cancer, and can diagnose bladder cancer in a more accurate and rapid manner compared to a conventional method.