Contactless Displacement Sensor for Wind Turbine Blade Root Monitoring

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current wind turbines face challenges in accurately monitoring wind loads acting on rotor blades due to stochastic wind distributions and dynamic load transfers, making it difficult to control pitch adjustments effectively.

Innovation Solution

A system and method for measuring displacements of a blade root using a hub-mounted displacement sensor that detects radial, axial, and tilting displacements of a reference plane relative to the hub or rotor blade without physical contact, allowing for real-time data transfer to a controller to determine bending moments and adjust pitch angles accordingly.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If contactless displacement sensing is used, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedisplacement measurement precisionVSAvoidsensing system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces traditional mechanical contact-based displacement sensors with contactless displacement sensors that utilize electromagnetic fields or optical fields to detect blade root displacements. This substitution eliminates mechanical wear and contact interference while achieving high measurement precision, directly resolving the technical contradiction between measurement precision and device complexity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Reliability

If real-time displacement monitoring is implemented, then reliability is improved, but use of energy increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewind load monitoring reliabilityVSAvoidenergy consumption for sensing
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements continuous real-time displacement monitoring of the blade root using contactless sensors, enabling uninterrupted measurement of wind loads. This continuous monitoring approach ensures high reliability for detecting dynamic wind conditions and enables timely pitch adjustments, while the contactless nature of the sensors minimizes energy consumption compared to mechanical systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

3Productivity

If pitch adjustment control is enhanced, then productivity is improved, but device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewind turbine efficiencyVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent establishes a closed-loop feedback control system where contactless displacement sensors continuously measure blade root positions, the controller processes this data to determine wind loads, and pitch adjustments are automatically made based on the feedback. This feedback mechanism enables efficient wind energy capture through optimized pitch control while integrating seamlessly with existing turbine systems.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables precise monitoring and control of wind loads on rotor blades, improving wind turbine efficiency and safety by providing accurate data for pitch adjustments, reducing the impact of fluctuating wind conditions.

Implementation Method 1

at least one displacement sensor configured to detect a displacement of the reference plane without physical contact

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic field detection: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 2

the displacement sensor is configured to detect a displacement of the reference plane relative to the hub without physical contact

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOptical detection: Light

Data Source

PatentEP3808971B1System for contactless displacement measurement of a blade root of a wind turbine
Publication Date: 2025.01.08 GENERAL ELECTRIC RENOVABLES ESPANA SL
  • EP3808971B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3808971B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3808971B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A system for measuring displacements of a blade root of a rotor blade of a wind turbine is disclosed. The system comprises a hub, a rotor blade coupled to the hub by a pitch bearing. The system further comprises a reference plane and at least one displacement sensor. The reference plane is configured to move with the rotor blade as the rotor blade moves relative to the hub while the displacement sensor is fixed to the hub and the displacement sensor is configured to detect a displacement of the reference plane relative to the hub without physical contact. Alternatively, the reference plane has a fixed position with respect to the hub while the displacement sensor is fixed to the rotor blade and the displacement sensor is configured to detect a displacement of the reference plane relative to the rotor blade without physical contact.