Gas Turbine Blade Tip Repair Using Laser Metal Deposition

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for repairing gas turbine engine blades, especially when combining additive manufacturing and laser welding, face challenges such as high costs due to specialized equipment, potential welding defects, and increased downtime, leading to inferior quality and mechanical resistance issues.

Innovation Solution

A method utilizing Laser Metal Deposition to remove and replace damaged tip sections of gas turbine engine blades, where intermediate tip plates with reduced thickness are welded using the same Laser Metal Deposition head, eliminating the need for high-power density tools and allowing for a homogeneous structure with reduced downtime and costs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If conventional laser welding tools are used to weld tip plates to airfoils, then welding speed and strength are improved, but equipment cost and complexity increase significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvewelding strengthVSAvoidequipment complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The Laser Metal Deposition head is designed to perform multiple functions: it can both deposit metal material to build the tip plate and weld the tip plate to the airfoil. This eliminates the need for separate welding equipment, reducing device complexity while maintaining repair quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent combines the material deposition function and welding function into a single LMD head. By integrating both capabilities in one tool, the system avoids the complexity of switching between different equipment while achieving both structural restoration and mechanical bonding

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Adaptability or versatility

If additive manufacturing and laser welding are combined in the repair process, then repair flexibility is improved, but the number of tools required and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improverepair flexibilityVSAvoidnumber of tools
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The LMD head serves as a universal tool that can both additively manufacture the tip plate structure and weld it to the airfoil. This multi-functionality maintains repair flexibility while reducing the total number of tools required

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges two previously separate processes (additive manufacturing and welding) into a single integrated LMD operation, reducing equipment requirements while preserving the flexibility to perform both functions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Adaptability or versatility

If different processes and materials are used for additive manufacturing and welding, then process flexibility is improved, but welding quality and mechanical resistance deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocess flexibilityVSAvoidwelding quality
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses the same material for both additive manufacturing and welding operations, ensuring homogeneous material properties throughout the repaired structure. This eliminates material incompatibility issues and ensures consistent mechanical resistance and welding quality

Inventive Principle:
Principle #33Homogeneity

Solution Approach 2:

By combining material deposition and welding into a single LMD process using the same material, the patent achieves process homogeneity that ensures consistent material properties and eliminates the quality issues associated with joining different materials

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Adaptability or versatility

If equipment changes or adaptations are made during repair, then process versatility is improved, but repair time and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocess versatilityVSAvoidrepair time
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The LMD head is designed as a universal tool that can perform both additive manufacturing and welding without requiring physical changes or adaptations. This eliminates equipment changeover time while maintaining the versatility to perform both functions

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent enables continuous repair operations by using the same LMD head for both building the tip plate and welding it to the airfoil. This eliminates interruptions and equipment changeover time, maintaining continuous productive action throughout the repair process

Inventive Principle:
Principle #20Continuity of useful action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This approach reduces costs and downtime, ensures a homogeneous and stress-reduced final structure, and maintains structural homogeneity, improving mechanical resistance and repair quality by using the same tool for both forming and welding intermediate tip plates.

Implementation Method 1

building a replacement tip plate from the at least one intermediate tip plate by Laser Metal Deposition using a Laser Metal Deposition head

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLaser Metal Deposition: Laser

Implementation Method 2

welding the intermediate tip plate to the airfoil; welding comprises using the Laser Metal Deposition head

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectLaser welding: Laser Beam Welding

Data Source

PatentEP4295990A1Method for repairing blades of gas turbine engines
Publication Date: 2023.12.27 ANSALDO ENERGIA SPA
  • EP4295990A1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4295990A1 patent drawingFigure 3~5
  • EP4295990A1 patent drawingFigure 6~8

AI summary

A method for repairing a gas turbine engine blade (1) having an airfoil (2) and an original tip plate (3) arranged to close the airfoil (2) includes removing a tip section (2b) of the blade (1), to such an extent that damaged portions are eliminated, the tip section (2b) including the original tip plate (3) ; forming at least one intermediate tip plate (10; 110), having a thickness lower than a thickness of the original tip plate (3); welding the intermediate tip plate (10; 110) to the airfoil (2); and building a replacement tip plate (18: 118) from the at least one intermediate tip plate (10; 110) by Laser Metal Deposition using a Laser Metal Deposition head (8). Welding includes using the Laser Metal Deposition head (8).