Blade Tip Timing Analysis for Gas Turbine Resonance

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for analyzing blade tip timing (BTT) data in gas turbine engines face challenges such as undersampling, noise, and the need for separate synchronous and asynchronous analysis, making online analysis complex and requiring determination of response types.

Innovation Solution

A method that identifies resonant vibration events by zeroing blade displacements, fitting modelled displacements to multiple frequencies, and characterizing events by correlating frequencies with zeroed displacements, allowing for automated and online analysis without distinguishing between synchronous and asynchronous responses.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If blade tip timing data is collected using stationary probes, then the complexity of the telemetry system is reduced, but the sampling rate falls below the Nyquist frequency causing undersampling and aliasing

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetelemetry system complexityVSAvoidvibration measurement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the analysis method adaptive to varying rotational speeds. The system dynamically adjusts the analysis approach based on whether the sampling rate is above or below the Nyquist frequency, allowing accurate vibration characterization despite the fixed low sampling rate of stationary probes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the analysis parameters based on the sampling conditions. When undersampling is detected, the system switches to a different analysis methodology that accounts for the sub-Nyquist sampling rate, effectively transforming the measurement approach to match the measurement constraints.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Measurement precision

If separate synchronous and asynchronous analysis methods are used, then the precision of vibration characterization is improved, but the complexity of the analysis process increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvevibration characterization accuracyVSAvoidanalysis process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges synchronous and asynchronous analysis methods into a single unified computational framework. The system evaluates multiple potential vibration frequencies simultaneously and automatically identifies the dominant frequency, eliminating the need for separate analysis procedures while maintaining measurement precision.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a universal analysis method that handles both synchronous and asynchronous vibrations through a single process. The methodology is multi-functional, capable of detecting and characterizing different types of vibration events without requiring the user to determine the response type in advance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

3Adaptability or versatility

If the rotational speed varies, then the adaptability of the engine operation is improved, but the determination of synchronous versus asynchronous response becomes difficult

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveengine operation flexibilityVSAvoidvibration response classification
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSDifficulty of detecting and measuring

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies dynamics by making the frequency identification process adaptive to varying rotational speeds. The system continuously monitors the correlation between predicted and actual blade timings across multiple rotations, dynamically identifying the dominant vibration frequency regardless of whether the engine operates synchronously or asynchronously.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs self-service by automatically determining the dominant vibration frequency without requiring external input about the engine's operational mode. The algorithm independently analyzes the timing data and identifies resonant events, eliminating the need for operators to classify responses as synchronous or asynchronous.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP2532839B1Rotating blade analysis
Publication Date: 2019.03.20 ROLLS ROYCE PLC
  • EP2532839B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP2532839B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4a
  • EP2532839B1 patent drawingFigure 4b

AI summary

A method of analysing blade displacements is provided. The blade displacements are detected by a plurality of circumferentially spaced stationary timing probes associated with an assembly of rotating blades mounted on a rotor. The blade displacements correspond to the times at which the blades pass the respective probes. The method including the steps of: (a) identifying a possible resonant vibration event in the assembly of rotating blades; (b) zeroing the blade displacements on the rotations identified with the resonant vibration event to remove invariant blade displacements; (c) fitting modelled blade displacements corresponding to possible blade vibrational deflections at a plurality of frequencies to the zeroed blade displacements; and (d) characterising the resonant vibration event by identifying at each rotation the frequency having modelled blade displacements which correlate best with the zeroed blade displacements. Step (c) includes performing at each individual rotation identified with the resonant vibration event the sub-step of: (c-i) fitting the modelled blade displacements at each frequency to the zeroed blade displacements for a plurality of successive rotations which include that individual rotation.