Blanking Switch for Physiological Signal Sensing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Sensing physiological signals in proximity to a stimulation site during electrical stimulation therapy is challenging due to the overwhelming amplitude of stimulation signals, which saturate the sensing circuits and obscure the physiological signals, especially in neurological stimulation systems where the recharge phase dominates and leaves insufficient time to detect physiological signals.

Innovation Solution

A method and device that blank or limit the stimulation signal during its phase to prevent saturation, allowing for the accurate detection of physiological signals by using blanking switches or signal limiters in the sensing circuitry, ensuring that the sensing circuitry can capture physiological data between stimulation pulses.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If physiological signals are sensed in proximity to the stimulation site during stimulation therapy, then the usefulness of physiological signal sensing is improved, but the stimulation signals saturate the sensing circuits and obscure the physiological signals

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvephysiological signal detection accuracyVSAvoidstimulation signal saturation
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent segments the stimulation signal into distinct phases (stimulation phase and recharge phase) and applies different handling strategies to each phase. During the stimulation phase, blanking is applied to prevent saturation, while during the recharge phase, physiological signal sensing is enabled. This temporal segmentation allows the system to manage the harmful stimulation signals while capturing useful physiological data.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs periodic blanking of the sensed signal during the stimulation phase, synchronized with the periodic stimulation waveform. The blanking occurs only during specific time windows (stimulation phase) while allowing signal acquisition during other windows (recharge phase), creating a periodic pattern of signal suppression and acquisition that matches the stimulation rhythm.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

2Object-affected harmful factors

If the recharge phase is blanked out to avoid saturation, then the harmful stimulation signal impact is reduced, but there is inadequate time remaining to sense the physiological signal

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestimulation signal artifactVSAvoidphysiological signal sensing time
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements periodic blanking that is synchronized to the stimulation waveform, selectively suppressing signals only during the stimulation phase while maintaining sensing capability during the recharge phase. This periodic approach ensures that physiological signal sensing occurs systematically during available time windows without being overwhelmed by stimulation artifacts.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Solution Approach 2:

The blanking function is dynamically controlled based on the phase of the stimulation waveform. The system transitions between blanking and non-blanking states according to the timing requirements, enabling adaptive signal acquisition that maximizes physiological signal detection while minimizing stimulation signal interference.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Object-affected harmful factors

If the amplitude of the stimulation signal is reduced, then the saturation effect is minimized, but the stimulation therapy effectiveness is compromised

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensing circuit saturationVSAvoidstimulation therapy effectiveness
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts and removes the harmful stimulation signal components from the sensed signal during the stimulation phase through blanking. By selectively eliminating only the problematic stimulation artifacts while preserving the recharge phase for physiological signal acquisition, the system maintains full stimulation therapy effectiveness without compromising signal detection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Data Source

PatentEP3851159B1Devices for sensing physiological signals during stimulation therapy
Publication Date: 2024.08.21 MEDTRONIC INC
  • EP3851159B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3851159B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3851159B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A device for sensing a physiological signal while stimulation therapy is being provided wherein the stimulation therapy involves application of a stimulation signal comprising a stimulation phase and a passive or active recharge phase, comprising: a sensing electrode; a blanking switch; an electrically conductive pathway connected between the sensing electrode and a blanking switch; a sensing amplifier; a controller configured to maintain the blanking switch in a non-conducting state during a stimulation phase of a stimulation signal and to maintain the blanking switch in a conducting state during at least a portion of the recharge phase.