Blast Cell Detection via Scatter Diagram Feature Regions
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current technologies face challenges in accurately detecting blast cells in blood samples, particularly due to interference from platelet aggregation and the high cost of detection methods that require multiple optical signals.
Innovation Solution
A sample analyzer and analysis method that utilize a sampling apparatus, a sample preparation apparatus with a reaction chamber and reagent supply, and an optical detection apparatus to generate scatter diagrams based on side-scattered light signals and fluorescence signals, allowing for the accurate identification of blast cells by analyzing specific feature regions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple optical signals are used for detection, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases and cost increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates platelet aggregation interference from the detection system by using specific scatter diagram analysis that identifies and excludes platelet-related signal regions, allowing accurate blast cell detection using only side-scattered light and fluorescence signals without requiring additional optical detection channels
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses a two-dimensional scatter diagram constructed from side-scattered light signal intensity and fluorescence signal intensity to differentiate blast cells from platelet aggregates, adding a dimensional analysis approach that resolves the contradiction by providing clear separation of cell populations without additional optical signals
2Measurement precision
If platelet aggregation interference is reduced, then measurement precision is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by performing chemical treatment with hemolytic agent and fluorescent dye on the blood sample before optical detection, which lysis red blood cells and stains white blood cells in advance, eliminating potential interference from red blood cells and enhancing white blood cell visibility without adding complexity to the detection system
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces chemical reagents (hemolytic agent and fluorescent dye) as intermediaries that mediate the detection process by selectively treating different blood components, allowing platelet aggregates to be distinguished from blast cells through their different responses to the chemical treatment and subsequent optical detection
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method enables accurate measurement of blast cell parameters, including particle concentration and ratio to white blood cells, with minimal interference from platelet aggregation, and can detect blast cells in a single test, improving diagnostic accuracy for leukemia and other conditions.
Implementation Method 1
the optical detector is configured to detect scattered light signals and fluorescence signals generated by the particles passing through the flow chamber after the particles are irradiated by the light beam
Implementation Method 2
the optical detector is configured to detect scattered light signals and fluorescence signals generated by the particles passing through the flow chamber after the particles are irradiated by the light beam
Data Source
AI summary
Provided are a sample analyzer and a sample analysis method. The sample analyzer includes: a sampling apparatus configured to collect a blood sample; a sample preparation apparatus configured to mix the blood sample with a hemolytic agent and a dye to prepare a test sample liquid; an optical detection apparatus configured to detect side-scattered light signals and fluorescence signals generated by particles in the test sample liquid; and a processor configured to: generate a scatter diagram based on at least the side-scattered light signals and the fluorescence signals, and obtain a predetermined feature region, wherein an intensity of side-scattered light corresponding to a central position of the predetermined feature region is greater than an intensity of side-scattered light corresponding to a central position of a region containing neutrophil granulocyte population; and obtain a blast cell parameter based on the predetermined feature region.