Turbo Generator Powered by Bleed Air for Aircraft Energy Generation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional systems for generating electrical energy in vehicles rely on fossil fuels and are not efficient.

Innovation Solution

A system utilizing a turbo generator powered by bleed air from a jet engine, connected to an electrical generator with a gearbox, and a cooling system that combines expanded bleed air and ram air heat exchangers to efficiently generate and distribute electrical energy, while reducing cooling load and drag.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If conventional fossil fuel-based systems are used for generating electrical energy in vehicles, then the system can operate independently, but the efficiency is low and environmental impact is high

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy generation efficiencyVSAvoidenergy loss
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSLoss of energy

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines the electrical energy generation system with the aircraft's existing bleed air system. The turbo generator is powered by bleed air that would otherwise be wasted or used for other purposes, merging two functions (cooling/pressurization and power generation) into one integrated system, thereby improving overall energy efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The bleed air system serves multiple functions: it provides cooling for the turbo generator, drives the turbine for electrical power generation, and can still be used for cabin pressurization and wing anti-icing. This multi-functionality increases energy utilization efficiency without requiring separate systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Productivity

If bleed air is used to power the turbo generator, then electrical energy generation efficiency improves, but the cooling capacity available for electrical consumers may be reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical energy generation efficiencyVSAvoidcooling capacity reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The cooling system is segmented into multiple independent pathways: bleed air cooling for the turbo generator, expanded bleed air cooling for electrical consumers, and ram air cooling as additional capacity. This segmentation ensures that cooling functions are distributed and can operate independently or in combination

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The system utilizes parameter changes in the bleed air as it passes through different stages. Bleed air is first used to drive the turbine (expanding and cooling), then the still-warm expanded bleed air is routed to cool electrical consumers. The system adapts temperature and pressure parameters at different stages to maximize efficiency

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Temperature

If ram air heat exchangers are used for cooling electrical consumers, then cooling effectiveness improves, but aircraft drag increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling effectivenessVSAvoidaircraft drag
Core Design Contradiction:
TemperatureVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the cooling function for electrical consumers with the existing ram air cooling system used for other aircraft components. By integrating this function into the existing airflow path rather than adding separate cooling inlets, the increase in drag is minimized while still achieving effective cooling

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

4Device complexity

If a single cooling system is used for electrical consumers, then the system is simpler, but reliability is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecooling system complexityVSAvoidcooling system reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

Different parts of the cooling system have different qualities and sources: bleed air cooling provides controlled, reliable cooling for critical components, while ram air cooling provides additional capacity and redundancy. Each component receives cooling appropriate to its specific thermal requirements, improving overall system reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The system efficiently generates electrical energy using bleed air from a jet engine and effectively cools electrical consumers, reducing the load on ram air consumption and drag, and providing redundant cooling systems for reliability.

Implementation Method 1

a turbo generator (13) which is powered by bleed air from the engine

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectBleed air expansion: Adiabatic Cooling

Implementation Method 2

the turbo generator comprising at least one turbine (15a, 15b)

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTurbine work: Turbine

Implementation Method 3

configured to drive at least one electrical generator with variable frequency or an electrical generator with constant frequency or HVDC

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Implementation Method 4

an expanded bleed air heat exchanger configured to cool the electrical consumer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat exchange: Heat Exchanger

Implementation Method 5

the expanded bleed air heat exchanger can take up to 25% of the cooling load

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectConvection: Convection

Implementation Method 6

the electrical consumer is cooled by ambient or ram air through an ambient air- or ram air heat exchanger

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectForced convection: Forced Convection

Data Source

PatentEP3263866B1System and method for generating electrical energy in a vehicle
Publication Date: 2019.08.07 AIRBUS OPERATIONS GMBH
  • EP3263866B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

System (1) and method for generating electrical energy in a vehicle, comprising an engine (3) having a bleed air output line (5a), a turbo generator (13) connected to the engine (3), and an electrical consumer (A, B, C, D) connected to the turbo generator (13), wherein the turbo generator (13) has a bleed air input line (5b) connected to the bleed air output line (5a) of the engine (3) and is confgured to be powered by bleed air from the engine (3).