In-Vivo Bleeding Detection via Multi-Wavelength Spectral Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current in-vivo bleeding detection methods, such as those using light absorption spectra, face inaccuracies due to similarities between blood and bile transmission spectra, leading to incorrect identification of bleeding sources in the gastrointestinal tract.
Innovation Solution
A system with a gap constantly in contact with in-vivo fluids, equipped with multiple illumination sources emitting light at different wavelengths and a light detector, processes absorption or transmission spectra to differentiate between bile, blood, and their concentrations, and includes localization methods using pH detection and enteric-coated partitions to determine the exact location of bleeding along the GI tract.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If light absorption spectra are used to detect blood, then bleeding can be detected, but false positives occur due to similar transmission spectra of bile
Solution Approach 1:
The detection process is segmented into multiple spectral measurements at different wavelengths. The system measures transmission spectra at multiple discrete wavelengths and compares these measurements against reference spectra for both blood and bile, enabling differentiation between the two substances through multi-point spectral analysis rather than single-wavelength detection
Solution Approach 2:
The system changes the detection parameter by measuring transmission spectra at multiple different wavelengths rather than a single wavelength. By selecting specific wavelengths where blood and bile have different absorption characteristics, the system can distinguish between the two substances and reduce false positives
2Measurement precision
If multiple wavelengths are used to differentiate blood and bile, then detection accuracy improves, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
A single light detector is used to detect transmission spectra at multiple different wavelengths by sequentially illuminating the sample with light at each wavelength. This multi-functional approach allows one detector to perform what would otherwise require multiple detectors, simplifying the device while maintaining the ability to differentiate blood and bile through multi-wavelength measurement
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Accurately detects the presence and concentration of both bile and blood, and determines the location of the device along the GI tract, reducing false positives and improving diagnostic accuracy for pathologies.
Implementation Method 1
There may be several illumination sources, which may be positioned on one side of the gap, illuminating at different wavelengths, while on the opposite side of the gap there may be at least one light detector... Light illuminated by the illumination sources passes through the in-vivo fluids and onto the light detector... A processor, external to the device, processes the signal sent by the light detector and creates an absorption or transmission spectra of the in-vivo fluids
Data Source
Figure 1A~1B
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AI summary
A device, system and method for detecting bile and blood are provided. The device may comprise a housing having a gap through which in-vivo fluids may flow, illumination sources on one side of the gap, a light detector which is facing the illumination sources and is positioned on the opposite side of the gap for detecting light which passes through the in-vivo fluids, and a transmitter to transmit the detected signals generated according to the detected light. The system may further comprise a receiver to receive the detected signals transmitted by the transmitter, and a processor. The method may comprise comparing the detected signals with a predetermined threshold calculated from the transmission spectra of bile and of blood and determining the presence and/or concentration of bile and blood in-vivo.