Blind Channel Estimation for Massive MIMO Pilot Contamination

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current wireless communication systems, particularly in massive MIMO networks, face challenges with pilot contamination that degrades performance due to limited orthogonal pilot sequences, leading to inefficient resource allocation and interference among users.

Innovation Solution

A network node device and method that multiplexes data from multiple users using non-orthogonal and orthogonal resource elements, allowing blind data detection to estimate spatial channels without relying on uplink pilot resources, thereby avoiding pilot contamination and optimizing spectral resource utilization.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If orthogonal pilot sequences are allocated for channel estimation, then channel estimation accuracy is improved, but spectral efficiency deteriorates due to substantial resource allocation for pilots

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel estimation accuracyVSAvoidspectral efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the channel estimation function from dedicated orthogonal pilot sequences and implements it through blind detection using data sequences. The receiver separates channel estimation from data detection by exploiting the statistical properties of data sequences, thereby eliminating the need for separate pilot resources and improving spectral efficiency while maintaining estimation accuracy

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The data sequences serve dual purposes: they carry user information and simultaneously enable channel estimation. By designing the system to exploit the structure of data sequences for both transmission and channel characterization, the patent makes the data sequences multi-functional, eliminating the need for separate orthogonal pilot sequences

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

2Object-affected harmful factors

If the number of orthogonal pilot sequences is increased to reduce pilot contamination, then pilot contamination is reduced, but device complexity and resource overhead increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvepilot contaminationVSAvoidpilot sequence management complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system eliminates the need for external pilot sequence management by enabling self-service channel estimation through blind detection. The receiver autonomously estimates channels by processing data sequences without requiring coordinated allocation or management of orthogonal pilot sequences, thereby eliminating pilot contamination while reducing system complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the fundamental parameter from using orthogonal pilot sequences to using data sequences for channel estimation. This parameter change transforms the approach from one requiring multiple orthogonal sequences to one that works with existing data sequences, thereby eliminating pilot contamination without increasing complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If half of time-frequency resources are allocated for channel estimation in massive MIMO, then channel estimation performance is improved, but loss of time and frequency resources increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvechannel estimation performanceVSAvoidtime-frequency resource loss
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The patent extracts the channel estimation capability from dedicated time-frequency pilot resources and implements it through blind detection using data sequences. This extraction eliminates the need to allocate half of time-frequency resources for pilots, thereby reducing resource loss while maintaining estimation performance through sophisticated signal processing of data sequences

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

The system performs channel estimation preliminarily and continuously through blind detection during data transmission periods. By continuously exploiting the statistical properties of incoming data sequences, the system maintains up-to-date channel estimates without requiring separate preliminary pilot transmission phases, thereby eliminating time-frequency resource loss

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Data Source

PatentEP3529926B1Devices, methods and computer programs for wireless communication with multiple-access
Publication Date: 2021.08.04 HUAWEI TECH CO LTD
  • EP3529926B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3529926B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP3529926B1 patent drawingFigure 2B~2D

AI summary

According to a first aspect a network node device is provided, comprising: a radio transceiver configured to receive a data sequence from a plurality of user equipment over first and second sets of resource elements, wherein the first set is mapped non-orthogonally and the second set is mapped orthogonally. The network node device further comprises a processor configured to determine channel vectors based on at least the data sequence received over the first set of resource elements or the second set of resource elements, and to utilize the data sequence received over the second set of resource elements to associate the determined channel vectors with each of the plurality of user equipment.