Blind IQ Balance Circuit for Direct Conversion Receivers

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Solution Overview

Problem

Direct conversion receivers face challenges with DC offset and IQ imbalance, particularly in public safety applications, where precise I and Q balancing is required to meet interference rejection standards, and existing solutions struggle to maintain balance over environment variations and time.

Innovation Solution

A direct conversion receiver device with a blind IQ balance circuit that continuously and blindly balances I and Q signals without a pilot signal, using a multi-stage filtering and correction process involving amplitude and phase balancing, and an adaptive near-zero intermediate frequency (NZIF) selection to minimize interference from adjacent channel signals.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Device complexity

If a direct conversion receiver is used to reduce component count, then device size and cost are reduced, but DC offset and IQ imbalance performance deteriorate

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecomponent countVSAvoidDC offset and IQ imbalance performance
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the receiver continuously monitors its own I and Q signal balance and automatically adjusts balancing parameters to compensate for DC offset and IQ imbalance, thereby maintaining reliable performance without adding significant hardware complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Solution Approach 2:

The direct conversion receiver performs self-correction of its own defects through automated IQ balancing algorithms that adjust parameters based on received signals, eliminating the need for external calibration equipment or manual adjustment while maintaining performance reliability

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Object-affected harmful factors

If high pass filtering is applied to remove DC component, then DC offset is reduced, but adjacent channel interference rejection deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveDC offsetVSAvoidadjacent channel interference
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent dynamically adjusts the near-zero intermediate frequency (NZIF) parameter to optimize the balance between DC offset rejection and adjacent channel interference rejection, shifting the operating frequency point based on signal conditions to achieve both goals simultaneously

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Object-generated harmful factors

If precise IQ balancing is implemented to meet interference rejection standards, then adjacent channel rejection is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveadjacent channel interferenceVSAvoidIQ balancing complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs automated self-balancing of I and Q signals through continuous monitoring and adjustment of balancing parameters, achieving precise IQ balance and meeting interference rejection standards without requiring complex manual calibration procedures or additional hardware components

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The solution effectively reduces bit error rates and improves adjacent channel rejection, enabling smaller, cheaper communications devices with enhanced performance and compliance with public safety standards by intelligently adjusting the NZIF frequency and filtering signals.

Implementation Method 1

The mixer is coupled to the blind IQ balance circuit and configured to generate I and Q baseband signals

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectFrequency mixing: Heterodyne

Implementation Method 2

The direct conversion receiver demodulates the received signal using synchronous detection. The synchronous detection is based upon a local oscillator operating at a frequency close to or identical to the carrier frequency of the received signal

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSynchronous detection: Homodyne Detection

Data Source

PatentEP3028428B1Direct conversion receiver device with first and second stages and related methods
Publication Date: 2019.07.10 HARRIS CORP
  • EP3028428B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3028428B1 patent drawingFigure 2~3
  • EP3028428B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5

AI summary

A direct conversion receiver device may receive I and Q signals. The direct conversion receiver device may include a blind IQ balance circuit configured to balance the I and Q signals without a pilot signal, and a mixer coupled to the blind IQ balance circuit and configured to generate I and Q baseband signals using an operational frequency, the operational frequency being based upon bandwidth and modulation of the I and Q signals. The blind IQ balance circuit may include a first stage configured to generate an intermediate amplitude balanced Q signal based upon the I and Q signals, and a second stage coupled to the first stage and configured to generate phased balanced I and Q signals based upon the intermediate amplitude balanced Q signal and the I signal.