Block Predictive Coding Using Spectral Neighborhood Refinement
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing video codecs and still picture codecs face inefficiencies in block-based predictive coding due to the need for synchronized prediction between encoder and decoder, which is affected by the amount of data required for prediction parameterization.
Innovation Solution
The proposed solution involves spectrally decomposing a region composed of a predicted block and its neighborhood, applying noise reduction to the spectrum, and then subjecting it to spectral composition to improve the predicted block filling, with optional signalizations in the data stream for selecting between different versions of the predicted filling and adjusting parameters like neighborhood size and noise reduction strength.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If traditional block-based predictive coding is used, then the coding process is simple, but prediction accuracy is insufficient and data requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the image into blocks and processes each block independently through spectral decomposition and noise reduction. The prediction process is segmented into multiple stages: initial prediction, spectral decomposition, noise reduction, and spectral composition, allowing for improved prediction accuracy while managing complexity through modular processing
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transforms the prediction process from the spatial domain to the spectral domain by applying spectral decomposition. This dimensional transformation allows noise reduction operations to be performed more effectively in the frequency domain, improving prediction accuracy before reconstructing the prediction in the spatial domain
2Measurement precision
If more prediction parameters are used to improve synchronization, then prediction accuracy improves, but data requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where the predicted block is used to generate a modified prediction through spectral decomposition and noise reduction. This feedback loop allows the system to iteratively improve the prediction accuracy while using the same initial prediction parameters, avoiding the need to transmit additional synchronization data
Solution Approach 2:
The prediction process is made self-improving by automatically applying spectral decomposition and noise reduction to the predicted block. The system uses its own initial prediction to generate improved predictions without requiring external assistance or additional transmitted parameters, reducing data requirements while maintaining accuracy
3Measurement precision
If noise reduction is applied to the spectrum, then prediction accuracy improves, but processing time increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies noise reduction by modifying spectral parameters (frequency components) of the predicted block. By changing the spectral parameters through decomposition and selective noise reduction, the system improves prediction accuracy. The parameter changes are applied efficiently in the spectral domain, minimizing the time penalty compared to spatial domain processing
Data Source
AI summary
A previously encoded or reconstructed version of a neighborhood of a predetermined block to be predicted is exploited so as to result into a more efficient predictive coding of the prediction block. In particular, a spectral decomposition of a region composed of this neighborhood and a first version of a predicted filling of the predetermined block results into a first spectrum which is subject to noise reduction and the thus resulting second spectrum may be subject to a spectral composition, thereby resulting in a modified version of this region including a second version of the predicted filling of the predetermined block. Owing to the exploitation of the already processed, i.e. encoded/reconstructed, neighborhood of the predetermined block, the second version of the predicted filling of the predetermined block tends to improve the coding efficiency.