Blockchain Transaction Execution Delay for Parallel State Pre-computation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current blockchain systems face performance bottlenecks due to lengthy validation phases, which delay the start of the next consensus phase and block propagation, especially when computationally intensive transactions are included, leading to inefficiencies and unfair incentives for miners.
Innovation Solution
The proposed method involves delaying the execution of transactions by up to (k−1) future blocks, allowing for parallel computation of the state during the creation and validation phases of subsequent blocks, thereby reducing the time required for block creation and validation, and introducing a block chain system that pre-computes states before the creation phase, using protocols like EVT and EVD(k) to optimize transaction processing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If transactions are executed serially during block creation and validation phases, then transaction validity is ensured, but block creation and validation times increase significantly
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies preliminary action by pre-computing the state of future blocks (blocks at heights i-1, i-2, ..., i-k) before the creation phase of block i. This pre-computation is done in parallel during the consensus phases of preceding blocks, so that when block i needs to be created or validated, the state is already available, eliminating the need for time-consuming serial transaction execution during block creation and validation.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from a single-dimensional sequential processing model to a multi-dimensional parallel processing model by executing transaction computations across multiple block heights simultaneously. Instead of processing transactions for block i sequentially, the system computes states for multiple future blocks (i-1, i-2, ..., i-k) in parallel during earlier consensus phases, effectively adding a temporal dimension to the computation pipeline.
2Productivity
If computationally intensive transactions are included in a block, then transaction throughput is improved, but validation phase duration increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent allows computationally intensive transactions to be included in blocks because their execution is moved to the pre-computation phase. During the consensus phases of blocks i-1, i-2, ..., i-k, the system executes transactions and computes states in parallel, so that by the time block i reaches validation, all computations are already complete. This separates the computational workload from the validation phase, enabling high-throughput blocks without extending validation duration.
3Speed
If transaction execution is delayed to parallel phases, then block creation and validation speeds up, but system complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the blockchain processing into distinct phases with clear boundaries: consensus phases (where pre-computation occurs) and creation/validation phases (where results are used). By introducing phase separation markers and structured state management, the system manages complexity through modular organization rather than monolithic processing, making the parallel computation approach tractable despite increased operational complexity.
4Measurement precision
If serial transaction execution is used from genesis block, then state accuracy is ensured, but computation time for block creation increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent ensures state accuracy by pre-computing states for future blocks (i-1, i-2, ..., i-k) using the same serial execution logic from the genesis block, but performing these computations in parallel across different time phases. The state at block i is computed accurately through parallel execution of the same deterministic logic that would otherwise require sequential processing, maintaining measurement precision while reducing time loss.
Data Source
AI summary
Accordingly, embodiment herein disclose a method for handling block chain operation in a block chain system. The method includes parallelizing, by the block chain system, a block creation along with a consensus mechanism. The block creation along with the consensus mechanism includes parallelly combining a pre-computed state of a succeeding block (at height “k” greater than the current block, where “k” is a positive integer parameter chosen by the system designer) with transactions in a current block to obtain state to be stored in a next succeeding block (at height “k+1” greater than the current block) along with running a consensus protocol to finalize transactions to include in an immediate next block (at height one greater than the current block). Further, the method includes handling, by the block chain system, the block chain operation based on parallelizing. The method can be used for scaling up computation in blockchains.