Blockchain Immunity Passport Supervision via Searchable Encryption
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Solution Overview
Problem
The reliability and unified management of immunity passports are hindered by differences in vaccine types, vaccination methods, and time intervals between doses, leading to disputes among countries, along with issues of forgery and privacy leakage of personal information.
Innovation Solution
A blockchain-based supervision method that uses searchable encryption and smart contracts to securely generate, share, and verify immunity passport data, ensuring reliability and mutual recognition across countries, while maintaining data confidentiality and integrity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If immunity passport data is shared across countries, then international recognition and communication are improved, but data security and privacy protection deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a blockchain-based intermediary system with certificate authorities and distributed nodes that mediate between different countries' immunity passport systems. This intermediary layer enables data sharing while maintaining security through cryptographic verification and decentralized authentication, allowing international recognition without direct data exposure between countries.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces traditional centralized mechanical data storage and verification systems with a blockchain-based cryptographic system. Using public-key cryptography, hash functions, and distributed consensus mechanisms, the system achieves secure data sharing without relying on centralized authorities that could be hacked or manipulated, thus protecting privacy while enabling international recognition.
2Reliability
If immunity passport data is made transparent for verification, then reliability and anti-forgery are improved, but data confidentiality deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates cryptographic copies of immunity passport data that can be verified without exposing the original information. Using hash functions and digital signatures, the system generates verifiable copies that confirm authenticity and prevent forgery while maintaining data confidentiality - the verified copy contains only necessary verification information, not the complete personal data.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies different levels of transparency to different parts of the data system. Sensitive personal information remains encrypted and accessible only to authorized parties, while verification metadata (hash values, timestamps, verification status) are made transparent on the blockchain. This local differentiation allows reliability verification without compromising overall data confidentiality.
3Adaptability or versatility
If centralized management is used for immunity passports, then unified control is improved, but system complexity and trust issues deteriorate
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the centralized management function into distributed autonomous nodes across multiple countries and organizations. Each node operates independently with its own verification capabilities, connected through blockchain protocols. This segmentation eliminates single-point-of-failure complexity while maintaining unified control through shared consensus mechanisms and standardized data formats.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements self-service verification where the blockchain system automatically verifies immunity passport validity, expiration dates, and authenticity without requiring manual intervention from centralized authorities. Smart contracts and automated consensus algorithms handle verification logic, reducing operational complexity and building trust through transparent, algorithmic decision-making rather than human-controlled centralized systems.
Data Source
AI summary
The invention provides a blockchain-based supervision method for an electronic immunity passport. A certificate authority generates and correspondingly distributes public-private key pairs. A hospital generates an immunity passport for a vaccine and assigns a passport number; encrypts the immunity passport and the passport number; and generates and uploads a transaction to a national alliance chain node (NACN). The NACN generates and uploads a second transaction to a world alliance chain (WAC). When the vaccine is requested to show the immunity passport, the vaccinee provides the passport number, generates and uploads a trapdoor to the WAC. The vaccine decrypts received ciphertext from the WAC to obtain plaintext data. An alliance chain node performs periodic maintenance by a smart contract. The invention can ensure data openness, traceability, and immutability, achieve effective supervision for the immunity passport data, provide reliable immunity passport data, and achieve search and regular maintenance for the immunity passport.